I Found Some Blog

a division of the Chersonian Institute

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Sonny’s Pollo Bono Recipe

So let me just say to begin that being a Cher fan is incredibly fun. One week I can be writing about doll outfits (I have another doozy of an eBay doll story coming up) or food recipes or beauty and fashion ideas or makeup-head toys or teen magazine advice columns or memoirs or music or movies or TV shows…or creative things fans do like making little wooden Bulto-like wooden carvings of Cher’s outfits. It’s a grab-bag of fun.

And lately, as I’ve been doing the Cher food stuff, (which is quite an amazing mashup of obsessions, to be honest), I’ve been thinking about who could possibly care about this stuff but Cher fans, and maybe even who cares among Cher fans really…about all this minutia. I mean, who is really out there taking this crazy journey with me? Is this just more and more internet self-absorption?

But then I get a letter. And I’m like oh my God. Yesterday I received this email below from someone who is not a Cher fan at all but found something I had posted.

I asked her if I could share her letter on my blog and she said yes. First let me say this story has echoes of Cher’s own story about her sister finding their mom’s beloved cheesecake recipe in a stack of papers after Georgia died. (I made that recipe a few weeks ago and it was a big smash. And, aside from Shoofly Pie, the only other pie I’ve ever made.)

“Hi Cher Scholar,

I stumbled across your website this evening while I was searching for an old recipe my mom used to make frequently while I was growing up. It was titled “Pollo Bono” in my mom’s hand-typed and laminated binder of recipes, which I always thought was a misspelling of “Pollo Buono”. However, searching the phrase “pollo buono” didn’t return any comparable dishes, so I tried a search inquiry using the original spelling.

Lo and behold, the first result was your site! Specifically, the page wherein you compiled some of Sonny Bono’s old recipes, with Pollo Bono being among them: https://www.cherscholar.com/sonny-bono-recipes/

It was just how I remember: lightly breaded chicken breast in an herby sauce, topped with tomato and onion that come to life under the broiler for a fantastic, rustic finish. I’m not sure how my mom had stumbled across the recipe all those years ago. It would have been the late 90s, possibly even earlier, when she added it to her regular recipe rotation. She was never one for magazines or pop culture, but I suppose it’s not unthinkable that at some point, she’d gotten her hands on that February 1990 issue of Woman’s Day Magazine mentioned on the page and found the recipe interesting enough to keep.

I had this dish at least once a month growing up, but the recipe was lost years ago amongst my parent’s divorce, a family fallout, and several moves. I’m now almost 30 and married to a home chef (for whom I thank my lucky stars everyday!) who has kindly agreed to recreate the recipe for me someday soon, though of course he insists on putting his own twist on it. Whether his version will measure up to my nostalgia remains to be seen!

In addition to sharing my fun discovery, I wanted to thank you for maintaining this site and keeping it free to the world. Accessible information archives are a rapidly deteriorating resource in the age of paywalls and internet regulation. Your efforts are commendable and very, very much appreciated!

Sincerely,
Kara from Pittsburgh”

I told her I was so happy this recipe was making its way in the world though and I asked her what other recipes her mom made.

“There were a couple of other Italian dishes in the rotation, like veal parmesan and lasagna, but my mom’s specialty has always been southern comfort cooking. She’d make a great chicken and dumplings dish that I’ve never been able to recreate.

I’m glad to leave the cooking to my husband most days, but I do wish from time to time that I could have those childhood favorites again. I’ve only been able to find a handful of the original recipes online. I’m really glad the Pollo Bono ended up being one of them!”

 

And speaking of food, I finished my exploration of the recipes in Forever Fit (with the second and last spaghetti sauce recipe) and I made the spicy shrimp fried rice in Cooking for Cher this week.

Cherlato Lives!

I was very comforted by the knowledge that Cherlato is continuing. For one, this is one of Cher’s modern business ventures I have not yet been able to try. Also, this gives me the opportunity to quality control one of my new food pages, the Cherlato Truck page (there were some mistakes).

The truck resurfaced again (or its sibling) in New York City! Repainted to match the installation! With Cher in tow talking about how her brand might end up in stores!

The Cherlato truck showed up in Manhattan as part of a new art installation in the courtyard of the West Chelsea hotel Faena New York. The installation transformed the courtyard into a free “retro” roller-skating rink and a Friday night roller disco party. People could roller skate on top of the art piece.

The truck was scheduled to be at that location all weekend.

The Square Sonny & Cher

I was going to wait until I watched the Ann Meara and Jerry Stiller documentary before talking about the Captain & Tennille. But I have just gone into the weeds with them and I already have plenty to say.

For the last week or more I’ve been finishing the watching of their TV show DVDs, the DVDs I started watching about 15 years ago when I received the DVD collection as a Christmas gift. I blogged about watching one show back in 2009 and I agree with pretty much everything I said back then except I like Daryl Dragon considerably less. This round there was something obviously wrong with Daryl, something wrong between Toni and Daryl. Well, for one thing, they have since divorced and Daryl passed away in 2019. So that brought some of the shows discomforts into high relief.

Watching the show again turned out to be much more disturbing for Mr. Cher Scholar because he remembers watching the show as a 10 year old and really loving it. Now, we could see the show has plenty of problems, not the least of which is Daryl looking so uncomfortable not only talking but with Toni’s affection. Then there’s the writing, the costumes, the choreography, the sets. But there are also some great segments with Toni and Daryl at their respective keyboards and some great duets between Toni and their guests.

But more than a few times, Mr. Cher Scholar or I said, “what’s wrong with that Daryl guy!” And I even said this a few times, “That Toni Tennille would have been much better off without that Daryl guy.” But since Daryl Dragon’s death, we haven’t heard a peep from Toni Tennille, except maybe on social media years ago. Although Toni said she was retiring from public life after her memoir, she seems to have disappeared entirely.  It’s like her public life pretty much began and ended with Daryl Dragon. It reminds me of the end of the movie The Truman Show where I started to feel an awful complicity in my interest in famous lives. So that kind of blows my theory that Toni Tennille would have had a better career without Daryl Dragon. Maybe, like Cher likes to say, there would be no Toni Tennille without Daryl Dragon.

She did do some solo things over the years, a talk show, a traveling musical and a big band tour visiting local orchestras. But her personal life stayed locked in with Daryl Dragon.

It’s a sad story. Toni Tennille loved Daryl Dragon and he quite possibly suffered from undiagnosed autism. I was so flummoxed by watching Daryl on the TV show, I ordered Toni Tennille’s memoir and read it in under 24 hours (it’s short). Tennille never mentions autism but alludes to an abusive Dragon family history instead and issues with mental illness (a bi-polar mother who suffered a bad lobotomy, a sister who committed suicide and a brother who may have also died by suicide). But there is plenty of evidence in her memoir of autistic-like behavior. This is not a diagnosis but it puts us in the ballpark. Something unusual was going on with Daryl. (This is also not a diagnosis but this person reviews the symptoms listed in Tennille’s memoir.)

Now just to preface, I am not a Captain & Tennille fan. I did just recently buy a Toni Tennille doll (which I didn’t know even existed before I bought it and only because it was dressed in a rare Cher doll outfit). I had their greatest hits on vinyl (bought used) and I still have one Greatest Hits CD (with songs I like on it) but I had never previously watched any of their shows, specials or TV appearances.

But I do want to say I really do like Toni Tennille. And all through watching the variety shows, I argued with Mr. Cher Scholar about this. But I have even more sympathy for her now than I did before watching them.

Yes, she’s gangly and manic on that show. We joked that she was definitely an Omega-Mu ( a reference from Revenge of the Nerds). She was actually a Delta Delta Delta but didn’t fit in there. She admits she’s every bit the intense perfectionist she appeared to be. But those things have never been deal breakers for me. In fact, they just make me like her even more, especially after hearing stories about how Toni and Daryl’s peers at A&M shunned them for being unhip for the times. A&M! That’s the label with The Carpenters. But that reminds me I love Karen Carpenter for all the same reasons. Gawky, quiet girls, you have a place in my heart.

Plus, she’s also beautiful and has a great voice which I enjoy most when she’s singing a ballad at a piano. I love her sexy songs too (“Do That Too My One More Time” and “You Never Done It Like That“) and I muchly prefer her latter-day hair.

And I still love the Dream album photos (which the memoir says were taken at Salton Sea).

And when I got to reading the memoir, I found Toni Tennille had much more in common with Cher than I could have ever guessed, aside from people calling Captain & Tennille the square Sonny & Cher. When I first read that I was delighted because it implied for a second that Sonny & Cher were thought of as cool somewhere. But unfortunately I think there were more people who thought of Sonny & Cher as the square Sonny & Cher. But when you contrast them with Captain & Tennille, they do take on a sheen of hipness.

There were so many similarities between Cher and Toni, I started making a list:

  1. In each duo there was a quiet one (Daryl and Cher) and an outgoing one (Toni and Sonny). And the yin-and-yang of that fact became part of their respective schticks.
  2. They both worked with Hal Blaine at one time or another.
  3. There was a previous marriage for each couple: Sonny’s and Toni’s.
  4. Each of their record labels distributed false marriage stories because none of them were married when their first hit landed on the charts, for Sonny & Cher this was the lie they previously married in Tijuana in 1964 and for Daryl and Toni it was the lie they were married on Valentines Day in 1975. Both Cher and Toni claim they didn’t know their record labels were going to do this but afterwards they felt they had to go along with the story.
  5. Both women used the word “unromantic” to describe their real weddings. Both described the marriages as a practical exercise.
  6. Both had a ‘song of the summer,’ Sonny & Cher with “I Got You Babe” in 1965 and The Captain & Tennille with “Love Will Keep Us Together” 10 summers later in 1975.
  7. Both women were the doe-eyed partner in their relationships (clearly shown in that rare photograph or during early duets). relationships where the men seemed checked out (for the end or the whole relationship). Cher puts it this way, “the sun rose and set on his Sicilian ass,” while Toni says the love was “achingly real on my part.”
  8. Both lived half-what platonically together during some or all of their relationships: Sonny and Cher started out in twin beds and Toni and Daryl always had separate bedrooms.
  9. Cher and Toni are both square in some respects. Neither of them drink or do drugs and in both cases this is due to having fathers and/or father-figures who were addicts or alchoholics. They both tell similar stories about their naïveté around drugs: Cher tells a funny story about Redd Foxx asking her for coke and her telling him they only have another kind of soda, and Toni tells a story about how everyone left her Halloween party because she didn’t have a coke room. Both express the fact that they’re totally fine if others want to imbibe; they don’t judge. They both just want to be in control themselves.
  10. Both tell the same story about having trouble getting backstage because security didn’t believe they were with the performing act. Tony had this happen while with The Beach Boys (they had never had a girl member) and Cher in the 1960s when her army of lookalikes confused security.
  11. They both talk about how exhausting it was to do a television show while also making appearances and recording albums, how all they wanted to do was sleep when they could.
  12. Both describe touring as hard. In her memoir, Toni described struggling through the run of Victor/Victoria. Her “wise director” told her “Toni, there are two kinds of actors who want to be on the road: the ones who look at the entire experience as a traveling party and the ones who are usually running away from something.” Toni says, “it wasn’t long until I figured out which one I was.” In Cher’s case, Sonny often laments in his book how Cher hated touring so it’s ironic she did one of the longest tours by a solo artist in history (The Farewell Tour at 325 days).
  13. They both talk about being outsiders in show business even after they hit their peaks. Toni Tennille tells a very sad story about how the Captain & Tennille were invited to the A&M after-Grammys party only after they won record of the year. They realized they hadn’t been invited beforehand and Toni says they never made many friends with industry people who thought their music was square (and there was the issue of Daryl hating to be social). Sonny & Cher (and Cher solo) were also maligned, dismissed and uninvited in all the same categories even after Cher conquered the world. Both duos were made fun of by Rolling Stone Magazine.
  14. Both groups were accused of being kind of lightweight, overnight sensations, regardless of how long they had been working in music.
  15. Both of their husbands produced their albums although Toni had much more input than Cher did and even wrote some of their songs, many of which were about her struggles with Daryl (he didn’t notice). I’ve always wondered what kind of songs Cher would have written about Sonny. But even Toni acquiesced by saying “producing was Daryl’s territory” and how if there were conflicts during recording she didn’t want to “rock the boat.”
  16. They both tell stories of the perils of performing for British royalty. Toni talks in her memoir about the cramped situation performing for Queen Elizabeth and Cher talks in her memoir about the disaster of performing for Princess Margaret.
  17. Toni says that when Sonny & Cher divorced in 1974 and their first variety show ended, “the search was on to fill the void,” to find the “next quirky couple.” Both duos were hired by television guru Fred Silverman (Sonny & Cher while he was at CBS, The Captain & Tennille while he was at ABC) for their respective variety shows. Toni and Daryl refused to do the material written for them in the vein of Sonny & Cher’s disparaging banter because they found it too belittling. “No put downs,” even for fun, Toni said.  That’s too bad because a little sparing is a little fun for healthy couples (or a little healthy for fun couples). But it doesn’t sound like Daryl could have accommodated this kind of fun/stress.
  18. To film their TV show, the Captain & Tennille Show rented the old soundstage at CBS where Sonny & Cher filmed their variety show.
  19. Both made the shortcomings of their males stars part of the variety show character of their male stars: Sonny’s refusal to learn his lines and all his flubs, Daryl’s discomfort around talking: both of these things became part of the show.
  20. Both Sonny and Daryl were described as controlling. Daryl wouldn’t let Toni kiss Robert Reed (Robert. Reed. ??) during her appearance on The Love Boat.  Sonny wouldn’t let Cher kiss Stephen Whitaker in the movie he wrote for her, Chastity.
  21. Both were faking perfect happiness in their relationships for their fans, either all the way through the relationship or at the end.
  22. Both attributed lack of intimacy as a factor in the end of their relationships. (Guys!)
  23. While they were married to their husbands, both women probably accidentally overheard someone saying “she could do better” and they both were probably offended by this.
  24. Both Cher and the Captain & Tennille were given recording comebacks by the label Casablanca. Both women ironically did not imbibe in the label’s famous party scenes.
  25. Both Cher and Tennille talk about their love of shopping.
  26. Both describe themselves as conflict avoidant.
  27. Both describe themselves as homebodies.
  28. They both have a prominent mention of “I’m On My Way” (Cher / Toni Tennille)
  29. Both women needed a lot of time to realize their marriage wasn’t working (years for Cher, decades for Toni). Tennille’s final straw was when Dragon called her a “fucking bitch” and Cher’s final straw came suddenly after years of exhaustion and no socializing and deciding she wanted to hang out after the show with her friend Paulette and, basically, the band Toto.
  30. The public both blamed both women for their divorces. They were both accused of being the cold party. Cher’s side has long since been backed up by family members and the cast and crew of her variety shows. I would be curious to see what people who worked with Toni and Daryl have to say, but you don’t really need to know. It’s obvious. Just look at his face when Toni loves on him. (It’s heartbreaking to see.)
  31. Both of their fan bases probably date photographs of Sonny & Cher and Captain & Tennille by a system of hairstyles the women had and when their husbands grew their mustaches.
  32. There’s also this:

The Differences: Bill Belew was no Bob Mackie. His costumes did not flatter Toni Tennille and seemed kind of cheap and unimaginative. Maybe if they had continued on with more seasons, the gown budget would have increased. We’ll never know.

Tennille talks about the struggles over the formula of their variety show. The producers wanted 40% music and 60% comedy. But Daryl and Toni were uncomfortable with that because they weren’t comedians; and to be fair they hadn’t spent years developing a comedy act like Sonny & Cher had in their early 70s nightclub act. Daryl and Toni wanted the formula reversed with more music. They finally agreed on 50/50, but it wasn’t until Dick Clark was brought in as producer (after the holiday break) that music was prioritized on the show.

I’ve thought sometimes about how sad the Sonny & Cher ending is but maybe Toni’s story was even more tragic: both of these women were willing to stand by their men through thick or thin. In fact, both of had put up with more than many partners would have. In Cher’s case, she describes Sonny as losing interest in her. “He made it end,” she contends. But in Tennille’s case, she had all the right intentions and all the wrong tools to deal with Daryl’s condition but she spent 38 years trying. In both cases, the women may have stayed in the relationships if the men could have turned it around. Both describe their mates as cold hearts. “How Can You Be So Cold?”

While I was researching this I came upon a reddit forum where someone asked, “Can someone explain to me how the Captain & Tennille were so popular in the 1970s? How did a man in tacky boater wear and a woman who stole Bonnie Franklin’s hairdo become a huge hit?…and WTF with that Muskrat shit?”

Those hairdos were contemporaneous, but okay. (That was one of the Vidal Sassoon looks of the mid-70s.) The answers were all great, but here are the best ones:

  • “Um, because Love Will Keep Us Together is amaze-balls”.
  • “Do That Too Me One More Time is a master class on how to write a song about sex without the tawdriness of most modern songs about sex.”
  • “Acts like C&T provided a cultural bridge between generations.” [Someone else likened it to what The Fresh Prince of Bel Air did for rap music.]
  • “Media moguls saw an opportunity to water down rock with soft rock for the older folks.” [Except, I would argue, lots of kids liked them, too] “Thus began a long parade of soft rock acts featuring camera-friendly faces for TV.” [They weren’t so camera-friendly, actually, which is why, I would argue, those soft rock faces all but disappeared when MTV arrived.]
  • [This answer is the whole theory behind the book In Perfect Harmony, Singalong Pop in ’70s Britain by Will Hodgkinson]
    “We’d been through the very politically fraught 60s, a horrible war and just coming out of a really bad recession. The vibe was very much ‘I just want to work a decent job, have a drink or roll a doobie, and relax with lady/dude and not have to think about things.'”
  • Someone else said immediately after that comment, “boy i can see that coming back soon.” [Like for-reals-balls.]
  • “I was a kid but I played that album over an dover before I turned into a jaded youth.”
  • [Another favorite response] “A lot of incredibly well crafted and performed songs are given the Comic Book Guy ‘worst song ever’ treatment. There’s no objective reality to this. It’s just a style you don’t like.”

Toni’s memoir begins by describing a violent childhood accident in a garage that severed the tip of her finger at the joint. After years of surgery her finger was reconstructed so she could keep playing piano; but she said she was so traumatized how other kid responded to her mid-surgeries, interim-fingers that she always hid that finger (both socially and in performances). Mr. Cher Scholar and I were intrigued by this and started to look for that finger in the variety shows. And sure enough, we never saw the finger for longer than a blur of a second. The hiding makes her seem very formal when she stands talking to audiences and the camera, her left hand always folded over the right fingers.

the finger-hiding pose

I find that when a person has something small to hide, unfortunately it takes over their whole body. And it’s here, in their respective body languages, where Cher and Toni Tennille exhibit their biggest difference. Cher is fully at ease with her body and Toni is not.

And I will always wonder if Toni Tennille could have gone much farther in music (and lurve) without Daryl Dragon. We will never know. Could this have easily been Cher’s story too?

Authoritarianism In Popular Music

First of all, I’m in the process of re-reading a kind of diary notebook I shared with a friend in high school. In the 1980s, we did this all the time. That way we could look like we were doing homework in class but we were really goofing off writing letters to our friends. Passing notes was too dangerous. Between classes, you could easily trade notebooks. We were about 14 years old, living in St. Louis, reading “The Jungle” in history class (probably a banned book now because it’s anti-capitalist).

My friend and I are re-reading the notebook together and the process has been both painful and funny. And timely because I’ve been wondering lately if I’ve been exaggerating my childhood interest in Sonny & Cher and Paul Sand. This notebook disabuses me of that doubt, however. At one point my friend gets exacerbated with my Sonny & Cher obsession and later I tell her to be sure to catch Paul Sand on St. Elsewhere.

What a nerd! But we are talking quite often about music and co-existing with divergent musical tastes. (I have no record of what kinds of music conversations I was having at 14 with my other friends.)

And here we come back to cultural authority. Because I know what’s coming up in the notebook. We are about to get into an argument about Bob Dylan. I won’t go into any particulars about that or the rest of the notebook but all to say this was in my head this morning (and how our identities were forming around music) while I started reading the book No Respect, Intellectuals and Popular Culture (1989) by Andrew Ross.

Ross talks about pop culture as a tug between “distrust and hostility” on one end and “deference and respect” on the other, a very binary, polarizing arrangement. This has always been challenging for me because I just can’t see the world as black and white and binary. (I am convinced no one can, but it’s simply a very popular coping mechanism.)

Anyway, Ross says, “The struggle to win popular respect and consent for authority is endlessly being waged and most of it takes place in the realm of what we recognize as popular culture” which includes defining “what is legitimate…the patrol over shifting borders of popular and legitimate taste, who supervises the passports, the temporary visas, the cultural identities, the threatening ‘alien’ elements and the deportation orders and who occasionally makes their own adventurist forays across the border.” (I forgot how much Ross is my favorite cultural writer.)

How timely a metaphor this is for us today in the days of I.C.E. And you can also see how debates about ‘alien’ tools and styles play out these days, music that is different or threatening, technology often seen as the new target but is actually a very old foe. I’ve just watched hours of footage of Daryl Dragon in 1977 sitting atop his mountain of keyboards (and a xylophone) on The Captain & Tennille Show. As a great example just take a listen to the music of muskrat sex for a minute. You will either feel that this is sweet or a sign of the apocalypse.  Those aren’t authentic muskrats, for one…and then, just imagine for another minute those same muskrats getting ahold of autotune.

(I for one believe a chipmunk album or two could have been improved with autotune.)

Ross talks about elitism, anti-intellectualism, vanguardism, populism, paternalism and delinquency.  And to me there seems to be a strangely symbiotic relationship between paternalism and delinquency. I find people’s attitudes around authority change depending upon where they sit in the scenario: as the being-told-to or the teller-over-others. It’s that flip-flop paradox that always seems to happen around extreme positions.

Ross says the use of “categories of taste,” (like hip, camp, bad, sick and fun), serve as “opportunities for intellectuals to sample the emotional charge of popular culture while guaranteeing their immunity from its power to constitute social identities that are in some way marked as subordinate.”

That triggering feeling of subordinance.

People have choices when put up against the taste-authoritarians: they either can go along and become super-followers or they can trespass on that authority. Camp is one way to trespass. Ignoring the authority altogether is another. I like both of those strategies.

You can see, in the case of autotune, how copious amounts of criticism from one group (aging rock music snobs, even Spinal Tap had to weigh in recently) never serves to discourage the other group (young rap and dance-music snobs) from wanting to define their own identities within music. In fact I would argue criticism of autotune has actually only accelerated its use, as any kind of criticism from an old authority to an unempowered group will. It’s like their food and fuel. And all because of those structures of authoritarianism. Because young people aren’t going to be told what to do by the likes of…

Well…it’s now become a struggle of identities what could have been perceived as simply one tool in the toolbox. It has become the specific thorn that defines the big cultural struggle between competing groups over cultural authority.

When you step out of the matrix and look at it from a distance you can see that it’s the stupidest f**king argument you’ve ever heard in the history of anything. But on it goes.

Another thing Ross talks about is how authority works with identity and personality, who sings what and from what gender. His example is the most perfect example: Aretha Franklin wresting away Otis Redding’s song about “conjugal rights” and turning it into a feminist anthem. Well-played challenge to patriarchal authority, Aretha Franklin.

Respect! and no respect, and “respect my authority!”

And all this just in Andrew Ross’ introduction! 

Things Are Percolating

Things are a bit crazy-making this fall. When I’m overwhelmed with projects, I tend to want to make lists, in this case all the things percolating at Cher Scholar. Everything’s coming along…if only in baby steps.

The Autobiographies

Soon I’ll finish out the 1970s with the two memoirs (Sonny’s and Cher’s). Then I’d like to go back to the food bios found in Forever Fit and Cooking for Cher. And then go back to the childhood, 1960s and 70s stories Cher gave us in The First Time. Rabbit Hole 1.

Food

I’ve been making a few more recipes from the Cher cookbooks:

Rabbit Hole 2. But I’m not going to make every recipe in the Cher cookbooks. I would like to finish out the pescatarian recipes in Cooking for Cher, like the Fiery Pepper Shrimp Fried Rice and the Shrimp Borracho recipes. In that cookbook, there’s also Georgia’s cornbread stuffing I’ll try this Thanksgiving. And I have one more spaghetti sauce recipe to try in Forever Fit.

Dolls

I don’t have much more to add to the Cher doll fashions breakdown (Rabbit Hole 3) except to say that it occurred to me this week that my fleet of Cher dolls have nicer clothes than I do.

Conceptualizing Cher

Rabbit Hole 4: Soon I’ll do a review of Anne Zaleski’s 2025 Cher book. I liked how she categorized Cher stuff. I’ll be organizing my own media studies notes for a long while for my own project. I’ve moved on from books about videos to fan theory to books on movies to camp and now I’m moving on to the books on pop-culture slumming (high vs. lowbrow) and then maybe I’ll organize the music or television stacks next. I like to do small category stacks first (low hanging fruit).

Along this vein, I’ve been watching Captain & Tennille variety shows on DVD, which is both illuminating (variety shows aren’t easy) and disturbing (that Daryl Dragon guy) and this has led to me purchasing Toni Tennille’s memoir from Thriftbooks to find out what was going on with that very un-Sonny & Cher-like musical couple.

And then Ben Stiller’s documentary on his parents Jerry Stiller and Ann Meara is coming out on AppleTV at the end of this month. This will be another fascinating look at the married showbiz couple.

If I had to put these three couples on a continuum concerning how best to navigate a backstage relationship within a married-couple showbiz act, it would be Captain & Tennille on one end and Stiller and Meara on the other, with Sonny & Cher somewhere in between.

Cher Dollphoria

So as a consequence of moving and downsizing my parents in January, I inherited my mother’s New Mexico Christmas tree resplendent with southwestern ornaments. As a consequence of this I had to clean out some space in my garage (and downsize a few things myself) which led me to the project of cataloging all the outfits for my Cher (Doll) Christmas tree, particularly so that I wouldn’t buy an outfit twice in the future by accident (which I already did with Stepping Out).

So while I was making a handwritten list of outfits in the box, I decided to go ahead and make an Excel spreadsheet organizing them, and add outfits I didn’t have, discover which ones were legit. At the same time, I came across an outfit called Liberty Belle (what looked like a very lovely 1977 bicentennial Colonial American costume) from a series called the Boutique Collection. I had no idea really what that was even though I’ve seen it before in passing on eBay.

Soon, I fell into a two-week rabbit hole learning copious amounts of information about the Cher doll outfits. There was the aforementioned Boutique Collection and also the Designer Collections (in two box colors), a Montgomery Ward collection, blue boxes, purple boxes, green boxes, black boxes, orange boxes, pink boxes. And  WTF!?

I had questions, too. But nobody on Facebook, where Cher doll fans seemed to live, seemed to still be on Facebook anymore so my questions hit dead ends there. Luckily, the Cher doll outfit bible, Sandra Bryan’s book Cher Doll & Her Celebrity Friendsdid help fill in some of the gaps.

The Dolls

Dolls on Cher Scholar: I’ve added a few new pictures and some links to fan experiences with Cher dolls, including a very funny video of every appearance the Cher doll made on Will and Grace (including the real Cher’s first appearance on the show and I think that’s makeup artist Kevin Aucoin sitting in Cher’s book booth).

The Outfits

The Doll’s Closet: This section has exploded! What sorry little cursory efforts I had made before!

There are new separate pages for the blue, green, purple, black and white box collections, images from the front and back of all those outfit boxes, ads for the series, better images of the iconic foldout brochure and I’ve added information about the accessory toys related to the outfits.

I also discovered some egregious information about how the outfits and toys were recycled after Cher lost cultural stock in the late 1970s (shocking!) and there’s an expanded section with links and better pictures about those outfits that have Big-Cher counterparts from her television shows.

I also found a video of a fan playing with outfits and Cher’s dressing room playset.

Other Cher Toys

Toys on Cher Scholar: It was time to clean up this page, to get better images for toys and see if new toys have shown up online. I’ve collected some early prototype images from Mego sales catalogs.

I also found this video of a real hairdresser playing with Cher Makeup Center.

New Paper Dolls!

While I was doing all that, I found out there’s a new Cher paper doll book coming out, Style Icons: Cher: A dress-up paper doll book by Elizabeth Weitzman and illustrations by UK artist Helen Green.

It’s about time we get a paper doll book for Cher. Growing up, my mother loved to tell me she didn’t have many real dolls as a kid and she loved styling her paper dolls. She was very disappointed when I didn’t like paper dolls as well (at all) and preferred my 3-dimensional Barbies. (Trying to make-believe paper-doll sex was very unsatisfying.)

The book’s summary calls Cher’s outfits “dazzling, fearless fashion…unapologetic glamour and trailblazing style” which includes “Mackie showstoppers of the 1970s….wild, punk inspired MTV moments…red-carpet reinventions…looks that pushed boundaries and redefined state and red carpet fashion.”

All that with only “ten of her most unforgettable looks,” 48 pages.

Release date: March 31, 1926

 

Bad Faith A.I.

This is not a blog post I enjoy writing. I hate to criticize Cher fans or fans of anything actually. It seems so unfriendly. And we’re all in the same rickety boat here. But sometimes you have to talk about hard things.

I notice a fission forming between older fans and younger fans. And it’s going to be an issue with all fan bases before long, from Phyllis Diller fans to Madonna fans to Metallica fans.

Photos like the one below have been appearing on social Cher fan accounts over the last year or so:

It was attributed to Richard Avedon. But it’s a fake. It’s mimicking a series of photos Avedon took that ended up in Vogue and as the cover of Cher’s 1974 album Dark Lady.

Some A.I. Cher photos are so ridiculously not real, they’re almost funny. But these that replicate actual photo sessions are more concerning fakes because they confuse a fan’s idea of a real photograph Cher actually had taken and a deep fake.

Now if you are an older fan, one who has been staring at photos of Cher your whole life or maybe you are an expert in the outtakes of this particular photo session, seeing a photo like this will trigger cognitive dissonance. Is this really a lost outtake? What’s off with her arms there? Is that her real mouth? You can pick up on things that look “off” if you have more experience looking at Cher’s 1970s photos before this A.I. mess.

For this single photo I went to one of the Cher experts I know, Cher scholar Bruce who has seen the original contact sheet from this session. He agreed that the arms do not look like Cher arms here and the mouth is not a Cher mouth. He also said that Cher did two sessions with this dress. One was with a black cat with her hair pulled back and the other was with a black and white cat with her hair long and free. So the mashup of the black cat and the hair down is off as well.

This is an observable fake, but before long, A.I. will get better and smarter and come up with fakes where the arms and mouth do look like Cher’s and then only entertainment archaeologists or those who were there, people who “lived through it” will know the difference. And then eventually those people too will be gone and it will be a photo free-for-all.

I’ve seen fans point out A.I. fakes on social media and the publishers of those fakes responding with irritation. It’s not that they seem bothered by being fooled, but by being told they were fooled. There’s a “who cares” attitude among some younger fans. And I’ve seen older fans who’ve simply given up trying to keep the record straight. Already. And we’re only a year into this shit.

I think inexperienced fans get upset for two reasons:

First, people are not using their critical thinking skillz. (Look around you!) Social media and technology have eroded our thinking skills and then some of us are just lazy as a default-setting.

Secondly, people have stopped trusting expertise. There are two reasons for this. One, we all want to be the expert and are offended by the idea we’re not. Two, fascists want to lie so they throw shade on expertise (all the way back to saying “your grade school teacher was lying to you!”).

I can’t help but be reminded of Holocaust survivors here. Yes, I’m gonna take this back to the Holocaust. Everyone clutch their pearls.

There are already bad actors out there gaslighting survivors of all sorts of things, but particularly antisemitic, bad actors trafficking the idea that the Holocaust never happened. And as soon as all the Holocaust survivors pass away, these same bad actors will feel even more emboldened and they will gain traction with those who don’t know the difference between lies and the truth. They will more easily convince people it was just a story. And there will be no witnesses left.

In this situation, people in the future will not know who or what to trust and those people with lazy as a default-setting will trust any “strong man” who comes along. Fascism will gain even more traction to perpetuate even more atrocities. We’re actually living through it right now.

Deep fakes, even if they’re just photos of celebrities, encourage lies, especially in an environment of “who cares.”

Somebody either created this image for fun and it’s now fallen out of context or it was created in bad faith. Look around you! We’re already shooting each other in the streets over what is a lie and what is the truth.

And we’re all in trouble if you don’t care about the difference between lies and the truth…for all things great and small.

Here are some of the real things. The album cover (look at that mouth!):

One of the poster designs:

From Vogue:

Bruce also mentioned showing respect for the original artists “who put so much energy into creating an image” including the photographer, the make-up artist, the fashion designer and Cher herself. “A.I. takes away in one swift motion all that was put into it.”

This being one of the most iconic Cher images, it’s not hard to see why fans would want to toy around with it. But there are larger ramifications to doing so and then trying to pass it off as the real thing…just for fun.

Three Documentaries with Cher: Bob Mackie, Diane Warren and Kevin Aucoin

Last week Mr. Cher Scholar was out of the house for an evening which gave me a chance to catch up on my Cher-related documentaries, which included watching the final cut of Bob Mackie: Naked Illusion (2024) and first-time watching Larger Than Life: The Kevyn Aucoin Story (2017) and Diane Warren: Relentless (2024).

I would have imagined these subjects to be as different as could be; but I was surprised by many interesting similarities (aside from Cher’s stage-stealing presence in each of them). All three of these people, (Bob Mackie, Diane Warren and Kevin Aucoin), knew from a very young age (like under 10 years old) exactly what they wanted to do with their lives vocationally and each one of them began working on their professional goals as teenagers, becoming known in each case as artists who started out very young. Aucoin and Mackie achieved success younger than Warren, but she made herself known to professionals in her field around the same age. They were all hustling early, with little interest for anything else.

Both the Mackie and Warren documentaries open with alternate takes of Cher’s “Turn Back Time.” (How could a documentarian resist using that song if Cher is involved, I guess). Mackie’s movie uses a slow rendition and Warren’s doc uses an acapella version.

Both Mackie and Aucoin practiced drawing pictures of celebrities when they were young boys. For Mackie it was old movie and musical stars and their outfits. Aucoin did faces and was obsessed with Barbra Streisand and he played Streisand and Cher records all the time, to the chagrin of the cis-gendered brother he shared a room with.

In all three cases, these artists are or were ubiquitous in their field: Diane Warren has written for more recording artists than any other songwriter, “all the real stars…the biggest stars wore Bob Mackie” and Kevyn Aucoin was the makeup artist most favored by the female models, musicians and actresses of his time.

Bob Mackie “made them look like the superstars they were.” Kevyn Aucoin’s presented them at their most beautiful. And Diane Warren gave them number one hits.

All three documentaries talk about matching or unveiling the unique characters of their clients: matching the right song to the right artist, designing a costume to “pick up on somebody’s essence” and designing makeup to accentuate a person’s unique beauty. In the Mackie documentary Law Roach says, “every superhero has his costume” and Mackie gave stars theirs. Diane Warren and Kevyn Aucoin likewise gave their artists extraordinary assists.

In Mackie and Warren’s case, they did not become divas in the way Kevyn Aucoin allegedly became. They also survived their fame and he did not. But they all suffered bullying and trauma for not conforming to social norms as kids. (Which was news to me watching all three docs.)

Paul Stanley is seen in Warren’s documentary stating that her genius is her lack of a fingerprint, meaning the university of her songs. Warren calls it a kind of openness. It’s hard to disagree with this in a business sense. (Her success speaks for itself.) But I would disagree in an aesthetic sense. Every great writer has a fingerprint, a unique vocabulary of words or styles. And I was comforted to learn Diane Warren was as eccentric as she is and not as “open” and unspecific as a person. The uniqueness is where the true gold lies and Warren seemed refreshingly unique under all those hits.

Cher’s presence in each of these documentaries is different and those differences were fascinating to compare.

Bob Mackie and Cher are almost synonymous. Aside from his ingenious work on The Carol Burnett Show, his career seemed to soar right along his glamourous make-overs of Cher in her 1970s variety shows and later live appearances and tours. His documentary dramatically recounts the dress she wore to the first Met Gala in 1974 and the effect it had on everybody attending. I never get tired of hearing Hal Rubenstein’s retelling of his Lillian Gish conversation that night, seeing Lillian Gish at the Meta Gala sitting all by herself, lit by only one candle. And when she sees Cher walk by she exclaims, “Oh my! Look at her.” Rubenstein adds, “so did everyone else in the room.” (The story has such undertones of changing Hollywood beauty standards and passing the torch.)

“Style is really confidence,” Rubenstein says and you would imagine Diane Warren and Kevyn Aucoin might agree. Cher is a predominant talking head in the Mackie documentary, as you would expect, talking about her first meeting with him, how he helped give her confidence with his designs and how much fun they had creating them.

Side note: I was lucky to be able to attend the premiere of Bob Mackie: Naked Illusion at The Paley Center in 2023, where we spotted Diane Warren in the audience (and Mackie’s master seamstress, Elizabeth Aghayan, sitting in our row). And I don’t remember the Mackie documentary covering this, but Cher and Mackie seem to have the closest personal relationship of all his clients. I seem to remember a story about Cher helping Mackie financially at one point. In any case, it’s been a very bounteous friendship.

 

In the Kevyn Aucoin documentary, Larger Than Life (a reference to his size), Cher has a much smaller footprint, but then she seems to have worked with him for only a short amount of time. The documentary has them first working together from Cher’s“Dov’è L’amore” video (1999) to her “Song for the Lonely” video (2002) and he apparently died a few months after that.  Cher talks about the “Dov’è L’amore” video where Aucoin took hours upon hours to do the amazing eye makeup for Cher.

Cher says they hung out from time to time shopping for makeup together, even though, Cher quipping, nobody could have possibly had more makeup than the two of them already had. Cher’s admission in her 2024 memoirs that she did her own makeup for most of her career sheds new light on this affinity with Aucoin. It reminds me of her long-time relationship with interior designer Ron Wilson. They share with Cher a love of those particular art forms (the room and the face).

And although Cher isn’t seen much in the Aucoin documentary, her appearances are very significant to his story personally. First of all, as an early fan of Streisand and Cher, it’s interesting to note that it wasn’t Streisand who befriended him. And I’m no Streisand scholar but I don’t overhear many stories about Streisand befriending people who work for her. Maybe she does. But you hear about Cher’s friendships with  long-term  working partnerships pretty often. Maybe she’s just friendlier.  In this case it was Cher who first alerted Aucoin to the fact that his big health issue (he was suffering chronic pain and growing taller and larger into adulthood) was acromegaly. The documentary recounts that Cher told him this while they were working on a second video shoot, which was most likely the video for “The Music’s No Good Without You.”

Sidenote: As I was researching this, I read about the video on the song’s Wikipedia page: it “was filmed on October 7–8, 2001, on an elaborate sound stage with a ‘spaced out’ design at Nikken Building, in Irvine, California. The director commented, ‘Cher is about the only other person I know who knows anything about Gormenghast – and that was my model for this video’.” (I had no idea. And I’ve read those crazy Gormenghast novels. But even I didn’t make it through the series.)

Cher not only correctly guessed Aucoin’s condition but she found him the world’s leading expert on the disorder. Maybe she learned about it through her association with the movie Mask and her involvement with Children’s Craniofacial Association? In any case, the diagnosis did lead to surgery but unfortunately the drug addiction Aucoin used previously to manage the pain continued and his behavior deteriorated.

In the documentary, it was on a third, unmaimed Cher video, (Cher says it was on a rooftop in the Village and research shows it was for the “Song for the Lonely” video), where Aucoin failed to show up and Cher had to do her own makeup and then he did show up and there was an exchange with “Liz” (Cher’s publicist, Liz Rosenberg?) who told Aucoin not to take anything until after the shoot was over but two hours later Aucoin collapsed and paramedics had to be called. This hit the news and Aucoin’s career went into a tailspin as a result. In the documentary Aucoin’s husband Jeremy recalls the denial surrounding Aucoin’s condition and says, “but Cher wasn’t in denial.” Cher told Jeremy, ”He needs help.” And it sounds like his people did try to help but to no avail.

So not a lot of screentime for Cher in this documentary but pretty important bits.

 

Cher is again a bigger presence in the Diane Warren’s documentary. Cher has plenty to say about her friendship with Warren. They’re seen talking on the phone and Cher is the first talking head, producing adjectives for Warren such as nuts, cheap, unrelenting, optimistic, sweet, crazy and “she writes great songs.” I could see two Cher posters on Diane Warren walls as the camera weaves around her messy spaces. Unlike Mackie and Aucoin, who seem neat and organized, (for Aucoin at least while he was while sober), Warren’s brain space seems much more disheveled. Cher jokes that every time Warren calls her, it’s with the promise of “the best song she’s ever written.” I realized watching this documentary there were more Warren songs I liked than I remembered: “Rhythm of the Night” was a song I used to dance to in my basement as a tween and I wrote a poem once while “Unbreak My Heart” was on repeat play.

Warren and Cher both tell the “If I Could Turn Back Time” story with Warren’s horrible demo. They play the demo and am I crazy to say I like the demo better because it sounds grittier? They dramatically re-enact Cher saying over and over again that “she fucking hates” the song. (These two fucking potty mouths, am I right?) It wasn’t until Warren offered to “pay for the track” and Cher’s realization of Warren’s innate cheapness that made Cher change her mind. Cher says she recorded the song in 15 minutes and from the start of singing it she realized it was the perfect song for her. Warren was vindicated. Cher now calls it ”one of my favorite songs and one of my biggest hits.”

What is curious to me is why this Diane Warren’s documentary was produced by the Master Class people. Normally this is streaming service full of lectures about craft. This documentary was mostly about Warren’s personal life and professional accolades. It was, by Warren’s own admission, antithetical to discussing any kind of craft process at all. In fact, the only backstory we hear in any detail was for the origins of Aerosmith’s “I Don’t Want to Miss a Thing” (which interestingly could be traced back to a Barbra Streisand and James Brolin interview. The other backstory was for her very personal song written for Lady Gaga, “Til It Happens to You.” It would have been great to hear about the creative origins of other songs like “If I Could Turn Back Time” or “When I See You Smile” or my high-school’s perky graduation anthem, “Nothing’s Gonna Stop Us Now.”

Regardless of whether her songs have personal origins or not, Warren maintains her songwriting is an ephemeral, almost magical process for her and she doesn’t like to talk about it. Which would seem to disqualify her from a Master Class type situation and It reminded me of seeing the poet Albert Goldbarth (one of my favorite poets) at The Los Angeles Times Festival of Books one year and him saying he same nonsense about the writing poems, an attitude which would also have seemed to disqualify him from sitting on a panel about writing poems. It’s not that I don’t believe in magic and mystery. It’s just that I just don’t attribute that to the workings of the animal brain.

It’s not introspection that Warren fears, however.  I was happy to hear her say she believed starting therapy only helped her songwriting. Turns out she’s just superstitious. Fair enough.

I did appreciate Warren calling out the other unheralded songwriters who get marginalized for being women: Joni Mitchell, Laura Nero and Carole King. It was hard to watch all her Oscar close-calls. It was like watching a heroic outcast keep trying to win favor from the popular kids. But then maybe Warren’s situation had more to do with early childhood memories and drama than it did courting acceptance from her peers.

And although Bob Mackie’s scars are not dealt with head-on in his documentary, they are alluded to. And you can see they still take their toll. His childhood struggles and adult tragedies were the most poignant parts of his documentary. All of these three artists struggled to find support during their childhoods to some extent, finding one or two cheerleaders if they found any.

So it was great to see Cher as the one to give Diane Warren her honorary Oscar at the end of the Warren documentary. (And that looks like a  real, hardy hug Cher gets, by the way.)

 

The Diane Warren Songs Recorded by Cher:

  1. Give Our Love a Fightin’ Chance” (with Desmond Child, 1987)
  2. Perfection” (with Desmond Child, 1987)
  3. Does Anybody Really Fall in Love Anymore?” (with Jon Bon Jovi, Richie Sambora and Desmond Child, 1989)
  4. Emotional Fire” (with Desmond Child and Michael Bolton, 1989)
  5. If I Could Turn Back Time” (1989)
  6. Just Like Jessie James” (with Desmond Child, 1989)
  7. You Wouldn’t Know Love” (with Michael Bolton, 1989)
  8. Love and Understanding” (1991)
  9. When Lovers Become Strangers” (1991)
  10. Takin’ Back My Heart” (1998)
  11. Body to Body, Heart to Heart” (2001)
  12. When You Walk Away” (2001) – my favorite of the Diane Warren/Cher songs.
  13. You Haven’t Seen the Last of Me” (2010) – admittedly, a pretty perfect match for a song and Cher
  14. Prayers for This World” (2017)

And Diane Warren’s one-time partner, Guy Roche, plays keyboards on Cher’s Heart of Stone album and plays synthesizers and produces with Warren on the Diane-Warren-penned songs for Cher’s Love Hurts album.

The Dresses of Cher & Bob Mackie

  1. Cher’s 10 Best Looks of All Time, Hand-Picked by Bob Mackie” (Variety, 20 May 2021)
  2. Designer Bob Mackie Didn’t Want Anyone to Know He ‘Had Anything to Do’ With Cher’s Iconic Bodysuit” (US Weekly, 26 January 2025)
  3. Cher and Bob Mackie on Over 60 Years of Iconic Looks” (Harper’s Bazaar, 11 October 2024)

Kevyn Aucoin and Cher

  1. The Dov’è L’amore video
  2. Dov’è L’amore behind the scenes
  3. The Music’s No Good Without You video
  4. The Song for the Lonely video
  5. Makeup Breakup” (New York Magazine) – More detail about the final interactions between Aucoin and Cher.
  6. At Aucoin’s Face Forward book launch party, you can see him with two titans of 1970s CBS television. Have you seen them together in one picture before?

In Other Cher friendliness…

How Talking to Cher Helped Gregory Arlt’s Makeup Career“(Preen, 2017)

Internet Cher Things (All the Things)

The big news from the last week was Cher’s appearance on 30 August 2025 to help her friend Cyndi Lauper finish out her farewell tour at the Hollywood Bowl. Unbeknownst to me, Lauper’s closing song for this tour, “Girls Just Wanna Have Fun,” was paired with a set inspired by one of her favorite artists (and mine), Yayoi Kusama.

And not in a million years would I have been able to even drum up a fantasy of a Cher/Kusama mashup. But there it was. And the news went nuts. A sampling:

Oh and Joni Mitchell was also there (!) and SZA, John Legend, Trombone Shorty and Jake Wesley Rogers.

Clips are going up and being taken down as we speak. Apparently the show is being turned into a TV special so stay tuned on that. Fans who were there say Cher said “I’ll see you soon” which they took to mean a new tour. But it could mean anything.

Anyway, I thought it would be a good time to do a news rollup of articles (old and current) I’ve come across over the last few years that have been stuck languishing in my phone’s browser tabs. I had over 200 tabs open as a kind of to-be-read-later list.  Now that I’ve culled out all the Cher articles and dead links (pages and even whole websites now gone), I’m down to 124.

Sigh. I categorized them.

Movies

Let’s start with this young YouTube film aficionado who does video reviews, in Cher’s case her whole oeuvre. Nora! has watched every Cher movie and talked about the experience, all of which is interesting. I mean just hearing how young Cher fans see Cher movies differently than we did in the theater. Also, Nora has interesting thoughts about even movies we don’t enjoy, like Faithful. Spoiler alert: she liked it. I equate this to my thoughts about the movie Suspect. Sometimes there’s a fan out there who sees something nobody else does.

Nora astutely notices (and why haven’t we?) how Good Times is basically Sonny’s movie with Cher appearing only as a minor character. (To answer her befuddlement about this: it’s because he pretty much wrote the thing.) Nora calls out Chastity for having a “nothing story” and “no real plot,” that it’s just basically “Cher walking around and pontificating” which pretty much sums up that movie. But she gives those films redeeming points for Cher fashion.

Nora comments on what an uphill climb it must have been for a pop icon to become a serious actress because “society doesn’t let women be complex and multi-faceted.” Truth.

She finds a “weird looming element of racism that is never explained” in Silkwood. I completely missed this (and can’t even locate it in memory) and so I will watch it again to see what I can see. She calls out Silkwood’s “extreme de-glamming effort” on Cher. She focuses on “the emotional stuff” in Cher’s performances and quotes the L.A. Times in noting Cher’s ability to reveal depths underneath. This is helpful for me when trying to figure out how to write about Cher in her movies, not being a film critic and all.

It’s interesting to see how a younger person scoffs at the whole Cher, Sarandon, Pfeiffer love-lines plot in The Witches of Eastwick (“how three queens fall for Nicholson”) . As Gen-X kids we did not do this. We remembered Jack Nicholson as a sexy younger man and I guess we just started to suspend belief as he aged. Huh. Likewise, the character played by Dennis Quaid in Suspect annoyed her in ways that were novel to me. His audacity. We focused on the improbable illegality of his behavior, but not his audacity with Cher.

It’s great to hear Nora enthuse about Cher’s “career-defining role” in Moonstruck and the balance she struck between comedy and emotion. She calls Cher’s ability to continue with parts after the age of 40 in the 1980s an “astonishing accomplishment.” She expresses surprise at the good reviews of Mermaids because it “seems like the kind of movie male critics love to hate on.” This I think speaks more to the increasingly misogynist manosphere Nora grew up around as opposed to male critics writing in the early 1990s. Asshole Male wasn’t such an institutionalized thing back then. (As Nora says earlier, “Lord, give me strength.”) She rightly notes the shifts in roles Cher gets after Mermaids, how Cher begins to play her own persona. And Nora is right to call the plot of Tea with Mussolini meandering but as a kind of memoir, maybe that was unavoidable. She ends the video in talking about Cher’s unique sense of agency in show business.

Nora also did some great research on Cher’s press at the time of her movie releases and I tracked down some of the articles she sourced and quotes from:

  1. Let the Oscar Sweepstakes Begin! Our Fearless Forecasters Predict Who Will Will, Say Who Really Should (Washington Post, 9 April 1988) – I’ve always said Cher is not as popular in Los Angeles (her hometown) as she is in New York. I take that knowledge just from having lived in both places and attended multiple Cher concerts in both places at different venues (including the Broadway musical). The difference in enthusiasm is palpable, my favorite NYC overheard quote being “That Cher! I just love her!” L.A. is, ironically, too snobby for Cher. This article explains, for one, how the best movies rarely win Oscars. It’s a great overview of how the Oscars really work behind the scenes. It also articulates why Cher always gets snubbed by L.A. (and double the irony, she didn’t this particular year): “But, again, the overwhelming grass-roots response to “Moonstruck” — and Cher’s own fairly heavy media barrage — has all but eclipsed the early positive feeling for Hunter. Also, with “The Witches of Eastwick,” “Suspect” and “Moonstruck,” this is thought to be Cher’s year — especially since she was snubbed in 1985 (remember the Spider Woman dress?), when she was left off the list for Mask. Speaking of that dress, the only possible fly in the ointment here is that Hollywood is not really crazy about Cher. Yes, they think she has talent (finally). Yes, they respect her drive and determination to break through as an actress. But the sentiment is that she is too independent, too outspoken, too, well, tacky. They’d much rather give the award to Meryl Streep or Glenn Close, because even if they’re playing bums or psychos, those perpetual Oscar-baiters still have class, taste and legitimate acting credentials — all the things that appeal to Oscar’s sense of snobbery. And all things that Cher gloriously lacks.” And all which seems very rock and roll to me but oh wait…she’s usually snubbed there too.
  2. The Cher Conundrum: The Oscar Winner/Pop Diva/Exercise Goddess Talks About Acting, Relationships, Being Fortysomething and Other Serious Stuff” (Los Angeles Times, 3 November 1991) – This is a great article to follow the preceding because it further underscores how Cher is treated in L.A. by reporters who are just not that impressed. This is a particularly tough interview that pushes back on almost everything Cher says particularly about why she isn’t making more movies, and the conclusion of the piece seems to be that it’s due to a perfect storm between parts Cher turned down, difficulty with a few directors (Mask, Suspect and Mermaids), the infomercials (which historically have taken the most heat on this issue), and the fact that Cher just didn’t love the process of making movies. The interview then gets into comments about difficulties Cher was having with her mother (Georgia situations which occasionally used to show up in interviews but surprisingly were all but missing from the memoir last year). The article also misspells the name Sonny. Oy.
  3. “Cher: ‘Women have always been sex objects and always will be’” (The Guardian, 7 November 2013) – I struggled on whether to put this in movies or music because it talks about the Closer to the Truth album and the legacy of “Believe” but also about the movie Burlesque. And it even occurred to me to consider what she was wearing for the interview: sweats or jeans (movie interview) or leather jacket, fishnets, tiny skirt and biker boots (music interview). But that felt reductive. And the comments about Burlesque were what Nora was referring to in her review.
    More movie articles from my phone:
  4. 10 Powerful Movie Quotes That Deserve More Recognition” (Screen Rant, 17 August 2025) – and the quote discussed is “Everything Is Temporary. That Don’t Excuse Nothin’.”
  5. The best singers turned actors of all time” (The Week, date unknown) – The article doesn’t really say why. Just that these people have skills in both areas. And that this is rare.
  6. Cher rejected Eric Roth’s biopic script” (Film Stories, 1 March 2024) – More news than scholarship but hey, it was hanging out in my phone. All I will add is that there are music stars and there are film stars and then there are films about music and film stars.
  7. 7 Things You Didn’t Know About ‘Mask,’ Cher’s 1985 Breakthrough Film” (Remind, The Home of Nostalgia, 8 March 2025) – and yeah there were some things in the article I did not know.
  8. Guardian writers on their ultimate feelgood movies” (The Guardian, 22 July 2025) – In a list that begins with Big Night, Rushmore and Amélie, I assumed Cher’s title would be Moonstruck would be the listed movie and was painfully wrong on that assumption. Here’s the link to the article’s full review of Burlesque by Guy Lodge where he agrees was a “less-than-seminal 2010 musical…a film with precisely zero complexities to unparcel, that exerts a strangely forceful hold on me just the same.” Also of note is the inclusion in this list of The Towering Inferno, which sticks in my mind because in Sonny’s book he talks about taking Raquel Welch to that movie on a date (after they met at a Christmas party hosted by Cher) and that they both agreed to leave early because they thought it was a terrible movie.
  9. While I was putting this together, I found another good one: “Cher movies: 15 greatest films ranked worst to best” (Gold Derby, 17 May 2025) – they get the top four right.

Music

  1. Dark Lady by Cher Dollmation (2022) – very cool dollcreation.
  2. Texas judge blocks Ten Commandments in public schools with epic ruling that quotes Sonny & Cher, Kurt Vonnegut and Billy Graham” (The Independent, 20 August 2025) – Wow.
  3. Top 10 Sonny & Cher Songs” (Classic Rock History, 2020) – top 4 are good. “It’s the Little Things” should be higher. A few factual errors.
  4. Top 10 Cher Songs of All Time” (Classic Rock History, 2025) – Odd list. I don’t even think #10 is Cher’s best Diane Warren Cher song (the subject matter was already handled better by Elvis Costello, for one). “Take Me Home” at the top but no “Gypsies, Tramps & Thieves” or “Bang Bang”? Tsk tsk.
  5. Cher’s 30 Greatest Songs–Ranked!” (The Guardian, 18 October 2018) – a good interesting list that goes through all the years and all the things and puts “Gypsies” up on top.
  6. Cher’s 10 greatest songs ever, ranked” (Smooth Radio, 20 May  2025) – while I was compiling this list I found another song list.
  7. The 150 Greatest Albums Made by Women, Shocking Omissions: The Resilient Reinvention of ‘Gypsys, Tramps & Thieves” (NPR, 20 September 2017) – the album “was written to showcase and cultivate her signature contralto and the title track became her first No. 1 hit on Billboard Hot 100” (as a solo artist). “It even scored her a Grammy nomination for Best Pop Vocal Performance” (losing to Carol King’s Tapestry). The song “presented a darker, more powerful Cher, whose strength lies in her embodiment of the character.” Even Cher’s dislike of the song does not deter this writer (Désiré Moses), who said, “that’s exactly the sentiment that makes Cher, well, Cher.” Right! We’re under no obligation to agree.
  8. It Has Stood the Test of Time: 1971, The Greatest Year in Music” (The Guardian, 22 May 2021) – Cher’s album or song is not in this article but it’s a good one to read after #7 above because it was one of those unforgettable songs of 1971.
  9. In Praise of Cher, the Self-Proclaimed Betty White of Rock and Roll” (Salon, 29 May 2021) – This one is by Annie Zaleski, the same rock journalist who did the write up for Cher’s Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inductee program essay and this year’s picture bio, I Got You Babe, A Celebration of Cher (which I still need to blog about). Great writing as always, “Although Cher is often viewed through the lens of a comeback narrative — among other things, she had to extricate herself from a bad business relationship with her late ex-husband, Sonny Bono, as well as climb back from solo career nadirs — this has softened into her being positioned as a beacon of resiliency.”
  10. The Number Ones: Cher’s ‘Believe’” (Sterogum, 4 July 2022) – “Less than a minute into her improbable comeback smash, Cher shatters. The moment happens when she sings the line ‘I can’t break through.’ On the word “can’t,” Cher’s voice atomizes, breaking into a billion tiny little shards, before coming back together. She sounds like a glitching-out robot, or like a kid singing into a fan. All throughout ‘Believe,’ her first #1 hit in a quarter-century, it keeps happening. Cher’s voice falls to pieces, and then it resolves.”
  11. Cher’s secret pop history: The massive hits pop icon sang backing vocals on” (Gold Radio, 13 August 2025)
  12. Cher Sells Range of Music Assets to Irving Azoff’s Iconic Artists Group” (Music Business Worldwide. 2 August 2023) – “Cher is the fifth-ranked female artist with the most Billboard US Hot 100 charted singles….Cher is one of the world’s best-selling music artists. Launching her career in the 1960s as part of Sonny & Cher, the superstar made unprecedented strides in what had long been a male-dominated industry. Cher has sold more than 100 million records. Her three-year 325-show world Farewell Tour from 2003 to 2005 played to more than three million fans and became the most successful tour ever by any female artist.”
  13. Cher On Making Her First Holiday Record” (Billboard, 6 October 2023)
  14. Cher Talks New Christmas Album” (People, 11 October 2023)
  15. Cher, 77, on her six-decade career: ‘I’m some sort of freak’” (New York Post, 20 October 2023) – NYC loves Cher. “…when it comes to taking on Mariah Carey for Christmas queendom: ‘I’m not gonna take over that spot,’ she said. ‘I’m kind of out of my league there.'”
  16. Cher’s Macy’s Thanksgiving Day Parade Performance Interrupted” (Entertainment Weekly, 23 November 2023)
  17. Cher Scores No. 1 Song on a Billboard Chart in Seventh Decade” (Billboard, 30 November 2023) – This article is in my phone because I sent it to my brother last week after my sister-in-law sent me a Cher drawing from the Canfield Ohio Fair and I asked what the art category was and my brother said “has-beens.”
  18. Cher’s Christmas Album Tops the Charts” (NPR, 4 December 2023)
  19. Cher is Heading to the Metaverse with ‘Christmas’ Roblox Event” (Billboard, 8 December 2023)
  20. 25 Years Ago, Cher Released a Song That Would Change the Sound of Pop Music” (NPR, 19 October 2023)
  21. Should Cher Have Cancelled Her own ‘Offensive’ Song?” (The Telegraph, 5 September 2024)
  22. Rock Hall Inductee Exhibit: From Cher’s glamour to Frampton’s guitar” (Axios Cleveland, 11 October 2024)
  23. Cher facts: Songs, age, films, husbands and children of the Goddess of Pop” (Gold Radio, 23 October 2024)
  24. Miley Cyrus’ Bright, Effervescent Cover of Cher’s “Believe” Is Vocal Nirvana” (NBC, 21 October 2024)
  25. Decades Before Kellyoke, Cher Covered a Dazzling Range of Songs on Her Weekly Show” (Billboard, 30 September 2024)
  26. Cher Returns Half Of Her Career Hits To The Same Billboard Chart” (Forbes, 27 November 2024)
  27. The One Song Cher Couldn’t Live Without” (Far Out, 18 January 2025)
  28. I’m Not a Cher Fan:  why Cher desperately wanted to be like the Eagles” (Far Out, 9 February 2025)
  29. My own Cher interview with Robrt Pela on KJZZ (NPR Phoenix) – of course I kept this in my phone.

Concerts & Stage

  1. Michael Keaton’s disastrous stint as Cher’s opening act: ‘It was death‘” (Far Out, 10 November 2024) – this was interesting.
  2. Cher and share alike: three actors star as the singer in musical that turns back time” (The Guardian, 20 April 2022) – review of the UK musical…still in my phone. There’s an interesting video in the article about the creative team for the show.

Style and Beauty

  1. Cher at Home: The Goddess of Pop’s Domestic Life in 22 Photos” (Architectural Digest, 15 August 2025) – I had this bookmarked twice. The first version of the article was only 15 photos apparently.
  2. Inside Cher’s Stunning Malibu Mansion” (Show Biz Cheat Sheet, 5 January 2022) – “Every day when I wake up and look out my bedroom window I’m never not amazed.”
  3. Sonny & Cher’s former home rentable from Airbnb for allegedly around $600 a night.
  4. Cher’s 31 Most Iconic Looks of the ’70s, From Dazzling Dresses to Bold Bodysuits” (InStyle, 26 June 2025) – There’s a 1960s outfit in the list and at least one from the 1980s. Sigh.
  5. Cher’s 10 Best Looks of All Time, Hand-Picked by Bob Mackie” (Variety, 20 May 2021) – Too bad we didn’t see that unicorn outfit. And interesting he puts in the duct tape TBT-fit in his list considering…
  6. Designer Bob Mackie Didn’t Want Anyone to Know He ‘Had Anything to Do’ With Cher’s Iconic Bodysuit” (US Weekly, 26 January 2025)
  7. Cher and Bob Mackie on Over 60 Years of Iconic Looks” (Harper’s Bazaar, 11 October 2024) –  “For the past six decades, Cher has been living in our collective minds rent-free.”
  8. Turn Back Time Like Cher with Her 5 Beauty Secrets” (Women’s Health, 26 June 2021) – There’s a sign-in wall. I never did see the five secrets.
  9. Cher’s Take on The French Manicure Features a Glitzy Detail” (Marie Claire, 25 October 2023)
  10. 77-Year-Old Cher Has Eaten Like a Blue Zoner for 30 Years. Is That Her Secret?” (VegNews, 26 September 2023)
  11. Bryan Adams photographs Cher, Grimes and Iggy Pop for Pirelli calendar” (The Guardian, 5 August 2021) – Remember that happened??
  12. Cher is Inducted Into the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame in Leather Platforms at the 2024 Rock & Roll Hall Of Fame Induction Ceremony” (Yahoo! Entertainment, 19 October 2024) – There were plenty of seen-in-that-outfit news stories in the last few years, but this is the only one I left in my phone.
  13. Cara Delevingne, Cher and Jodie Turner-Smith Celebrate Burberry Flagship Reopening” (Variety, 23 October 2024)

Food

  1. Cher’s Mom’s Cheesecake Is Impressively Easy” (Parade, 2 December 2023) – but this review links to a non-existent Allrecipes page. Even allrecipe’s own article about it has vanished. But another site has archived it so…. I’ll be blogging about this later after I make it for the Cher food page. Another mention I just found, “The Heartwarming Story Behind Cher’s Favorite Cheesecake Recipe” (Mashed, 26 November 2023)

News & Tabloid 

  1. Cher Mourns Ex Husband Gregg Allman” (Rolling Stone. 27 May 2017) – Yup. still open in my phone.
  2. Queen Elizabeth Death: Cher Appears to Refer to the Queen as a Cow” (All over the press, 9 September 2022) – Well, they are little emojis and hard to see clearly for the elderly. I’m sure there is someone in the colonial world who was calling the Queen a cow; it just wasn’t Cher. Cher’s rebuttal.
  3. Cher Posts Thirsty New Pic of New 30-year-old Boyfriend and…whoa” (Queerty, 24 November 2022)
  4. Cher Relists Iconic Malibu Mansion with a $10 Million Price Cut for $75 Million” (People, 4 April 2023), A.D. version (21 March 2023) – Why does this house keep going on and off the market?
  5. Cher Opens Up About Her New Cherlato Business: ‘It Was A Labor Of Love’ “- Remember Cherlato, the new perfume(s), Sanctuary, Aquasentials? You gotta take advantage of these Cher ventures when they come up because they disappear fast. (I have a few regrets.)
  6. Cher “Only” Averaged $6 Million Per Year Throughout Her Career, But It All Adds Up” (The Things, 24 September 2023) – Only? wtf.
  7. Celebrities Partying in the ’70s: Photos” (Esquire, 10 January 2023) – I’m sorry, any list of 1970s debauchery that excludes a photo of Margaux Hemingway (particularly at Studio 54) just isn’t worth its margarita salt. This exact photo below was indelibly etched into my childhood imagination forever as illustrating precisely what 1970s debauchery was…the drink between the legs, the facial expression…
    Whenever I try to pose debauchery, as unconvincing as it is (and this is one of my favorite Mary Tyler Moore Show quotes that I can relate to: “I might not have been around, but I’ve been nearby“), this is the pose I attempt.
  8. Cher hired men to kidnap troubled son Elijah Blue Allman from NY hotel as he tried to save marriage” (New York Post, 26 September 2023) – Only the family knows about all the things in this story but Cher being vindicated this summer is not so happy news.
  9. Cher’s son Elijah Blue Allman responds to conservatorship filing: ‘I am well, and able’” (NBC Los Angeles, 29 December 2023)
  10. See Photos of Cher with Her Sons Chaz Bono and Elijah Blue Allman Through the Years” (People, 28 December 2023) – Some sites tried to focus on the positive aspects in their capitalizing on that story.
  11. Cher Says She’s Living ‘in the Moment’ with Boyfriend: ‘It’s Never Too Late’ to Find Love” (People, 11 October 2023)
  12. While looking for the link above, I found this one: “Cher Says Younger Boyfriend Alexander ‘A.E.’ Edwards Doesn’t Get ‘Most of My References’” (People, 24 October 2023)
  13. Cher, Who Turns 78 Today, Says She’ll Celebrate By “Putting My Pillow Over My Head and Screaming”” (Marie Claire, 20 May 2024)
  14. Kevin Costner Sits Next to Cher at SNL50 After His Epic Reaction to Her Recent Performance at Radio City Music Hall” (People, 16 February 2025) – Kevin Costner sits next to Cher…and it’s news.

Two takeaways here. One, there are many more news stories out there than any one mere Cher scholar could keep up with.

And two, the categories of this list are a good study itself in demarking the areas of Cher’s cultural influence (in real time surfing the Internet). And the spread of articles across each category is telling in where the most interest seems to rest.

Although I would correct that in saying the articles in the movie section are the most laudatory, so even though that category is small in number the section is still pretty packed with cultural value.

The John Wilson Animations

So my friend Sherry texted me a Cher question a week or so ago. Sherry is a writer and editor for tech and finance research firms in the New York City area. She is also one of the writers I met at Sarah Lawrence back in the 1990s and she published a great book of poetry, The Palace of Ashes and is also an enthusiast of the great American Southwest landscapes and Indian Nation jewelry and I’ve gotten to know her better during her yearly trips out to that area.

Anyway, her question led me down a rabbit hole (hours and hours of tunnels in fact). So here’s here question:

“I can remember watching at least two animated cartoon music videos on network TV shows when I was a kid. One was for “Bad, Bad Leroy Brown,” the other for “Sweet Gypsy Rose.” The question is did I see them both on the Sonny & Cher Show? Or just one and the other on the Tony Orlando & Dawn show? Our family watched both. Since music videos on TV weren’t a thing, these were memorable. And I was a kid, so CARTOONS!”

So the “Sweet Gypsy Rose” (a Tony Orlando and Dawn hit) part was extremely frustrating research because I could clearly remember seeing the Wilson animation as sung  by Sonny’s solo but the clip was nowhere to be found by itself on YouTube, nor could I find it in any online episode guides or even my own episode guides! Finally I found the clip on IMDB.com with a credit to John Wilson and Sonny so I knew it existed.

It felt like, once again, the Internet was gaslighting me.

I finally found the video buried in a John Wilson compilation (more on that below). But the mystery is still outstanding, which Comedy Hour show did this video appear on?

In any case, during this deep dive into John Wilson cartoons. I learned a few things:

  1. In some cases, like for Joni Mitchell’s “Big Yellow Taxi” and Coven’s “One Tin Soldier,” the original animation were created for the original artist and Sonny and Cher simply repurposed them or sang over them for their first variety show.
  2. British artist John Wilson wasn’t always the animator for these videos but sometimes he was. But he was always the brand of the animations (which also sometimes fell under the umbrella of his company Fine Arts Films). Sometimes he was just the director and/or producer. And he’s sometimes billed as John David Wilson. His ex-wife Angele is sometimes credited as ink and painter or colorist on early videos.
  3. There were at least 10 “John Wilson” animations that appeared on The Sonny & Cher Comedy Hour, Sonny and Cher’s first variety series. Then there is the mystery “Sweet Gypsy Rose” cartoon sung by Sonny, which total 11 Wilson cartoons associated with them.
  4. And finally, John Wilson was involved in many other famous animations including both Disney’s Peter Pan (1953) and The Lady and the Tramp (1955), the opening credits for the movie Grease (1978), the old Mr. Magoo cartoons (1953) and an animation for Bob Dylan’s 1983 song “You Gotta Serve Somebody” which is hard to find and see.

The first ten Comedy Hour animations are included on Cher Lunar’s The Sonny & Cher Comedy Hour Animated Videos (Full Compilation)

  1. Joni Mitchell’s “Big Yellow Taxi” from episode #2 – animated by John Sparey from 1971.
  2. Coven’s “One Tin Soldier” from episode #7 – the title card is hard to read but it looks like animation done by Bill Carney or Parney.
  3. Melanie’s “Brand New Key” from episode #12– no credits.
  4. Sonny & Cher’s own “A Cowboy’s Work Is Never Done” from episode #23 (one of my favorite ones) – animation by Rudi Cataldi.

  5. Willy Wonka & The Chocolate Factory‘s “The Candy Man” from episode 24 – animation by Rudi Cataldi.
  6. Three Dog Night’s “Black and White” from episode #32 (this is my favorite one and a precursor to the Cloud Cult drawing video “When You Reach the End).”
  7. Randy Newman’s “Love Story” from episode #36 – no credits.
  8. Jim Croce’s “Bad, Bad Leroy Brown” from episode #44 – animated by Fred Madison.
  9. Stevie Wonder’s “Higher Ground” from episode #57– animated by Fred Madison (look for the little pre-MTV video image in there and the nod at the very end to the current political leadership the animation addresses).

  10. Cher’s own “Dark Lady” from episode #64 – no credits.

He also did the bumpers and opening credits for The Sonny & Cher Comedy Hour 1971-1973 and 1974.

Another John Wilson compilation capture’s “Sweet Gypsy Rose,” a roll-up called John Wilson’s Mini-Musicals. The video can be seen at 21:12 (animation by Fred Madison). For a minute I thought maybe it was from The Sonny Comedy Review, Sonny’s short-lived solo 1974 show. But then the wife can be seen washing laundry with a box of “CHER” (a play on the detergent Cheer) and the wife scowls while doing dishes (clearly not happy about her return to domestic life) while the husband relaxes in a chair watching a television playing The Sonny & Cher Comedy Hour. Wilson also famously animated those cartoon faces which also appear on the Comedy Hour set’s orange light globes.

This collection has many more animations, including the original Joni Mitchell and Coven versions of “Big Yellow Taxi” and “One Tin Soldier” at the beginning and also “Both Sides Now” by Mitchell (animated by Wilson and labeled as “a computer image film”) and songs by Helen Reddy (“Angie Baby”) animated by John Wilson, “Ray Davies/The Kinks “Demon Alcohol” (animated by Wilson and sung by W. Carpenter), “Reachin'” by Bob Moline (no animation credit, just “a film by John David Wilson, color by Angele Wilson” from 1971. There are also some other notable Wilson films in this reel, the animation to jazz artist Stan Kenton’s “Conga Valiente” by John Wilson and Tony Pabian and the 1956 animation to Igor Stravinsky’s “Petrushka” which was made by 10 animators, none of them being John Wilson.

And the videos often include the credits cards (see above).

Anyway, when I asked Sherry if I could discuss her question here,  she continued about the song “Sweet Gypsy Rose.”

“I am amazed I can remember something I saw when I was about 9 or 10 years old. The “Gypsy” one was deflating. Housewife runs away (we all would from the cartoon depiction of housework), gets glamourous in a seedy way admittedly, then gets yanked back to housework by husband and is supposed to look happy. That stuck with me. Male viewpoint song. I wish I could see it again to see if it was kind of subversive once she was home again. I would expect that from the S&C gender skirmishes.”

There’s yet another rollup called “John Wilson’s Animation Wonderland VHS.” These are all animated poems and short stories, including Ernest L. Thayer’s poem “Casey at the Bat” narrated by Paul Frees (1976). Many of them are children’s stories and folk tales and are without any credits (although some of the actors sound very familiar), like Alvin Tresselt’s “The Smallest Elephant in the World,” Peter Hughes’ “The Emperor’s Oblong Pancake” (narrated by Edward Everett Horton, whom I love in the classic movie Holiday), Jonathan Swift’s “Gulliver’s Travels” (narrated by Vincent Price), the American folk tale “Johnny Appleseed,” the Japanese folk tale “The Stone Cutter” (narrated by Swedish comedian Harry Stewart), “The Chocolate Princess” (author unknown, narrated by Bill Cosby, and I hate to say it but this seems like a very good story and its easy to pretend Bill Cosby isn’t reading it), the Norwegian folk tale “The Salty Sea” (“Why the Sea is Salty”), Greek mythology’s “King Midas,” Mary O’Neill’s “Hailstones and Halibut Bones,” the original story of “The Early Birds” (narrated by Jonathan Winters and voice actress Joan Gerber), Mark Twain’s “The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County,” Hans Christian Andersen’s “The Tinder Box,” the American legend “The Fish and the Burning Stones,” John Townsend Trowbridge’s “Darius Green and His Flying Machine,”  a historical retelling of “The Battle of Bunker Hill,” William Shakespeare’s “Jacque’s Speech” from the play As You Like It and “Two Songs” from “Love’s Labor Lost,” and Cyrano de Bergerac’s “A Voyage to the Moon.”

But back to Leroy Brown and Gypsy Rose, Sherry said,

“Thank you for allowing me back into my childhood. I must have seen those on repeat because they were both so familiar.”

I brought up the coded language in “Bad, Bad Leroy Brown” and Sherry astutely noted the glorious depictions of the pimp’s regalia and how this was “Blacksploitation in cartoon form.”

These animations were unforgettable to anyone who saw them as a kid in the 1970s, along with Schoolhouse Rock’s educational animations. They contain some of best examples of 1970s music shorts and undoubtedly influenced the plethora of videos to come in the 1980s, which then turned around to influence Cher’s own 80s and early 90s music videos in a crazy remediation circle.

Some obituaries for John Wilson from:

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