a division of the Chersonian Institute

Category: Scholarship In Action (Page 1 of 17)

For What It’s Worth…What Is It Worth?

Since we just did a post about Cher’s somewhat recent African American fan base and how Cher might situate in it, this is a good time to point out that no monolithic subculture is in agreement about Cher. There are gay men who don’t like Cher. There are African Americans who don’t like Cher. But I have noticed that as her profile is rising in African American subcultures, it’s descending for Native American subcultures. I’m not sure it was ever that huge there but…

Young online protests (from both white and Native American/Indian Nation people) are calling for her head these days because of the 1973 Half Breed costume Bob Mackie designed for her and for other occasions when she wore Indian-looking clothing out to Hollywood events. Native Stardust last year made a video collage of these outfits for a Facebook post, seemingly calling for what I’m not sure, anything from the shaming or the cancellation of Cher.

Cher has stopped using the Half Breed outfit in her live shows (itself a controversy to the Anti-Cancel Culture people) but this seems irrelevant to the rage warriors.

Before we launch into the arguments on the Facebook post, let me clarify my beliefs around Cancel Culture:

If you’re out there literally lynching people, the larger culture has an obligation to censor you and stop you by any means. But I do believe in a kind of online-lynching as well. This includes harassment, racist organizing, covert racist messaging. I believe these acts should be called out as well: outright cyber bullying based on race. It’s a hate crime pretty clearly.

The problem with our cancel warriors is that they combine lynchers with appropriators. And even appropriations come in a rainbow of flavors. Some people are exploiters and some people are supporters and allies. And supporters and allies often make mistakes. Or times change. Word definitions change. And I think in our current atmosphere of increased racial violence, it is crucial that we know the difference between all these things. Otherwise, all the outrage will become noise and it sort of already has.

We have to be unequivocal with the lynchers (and cyber bullies) but also offer room to apologize and change to the appropriators, which internet warriors are loathe to do. If you refuse to let anyone repair and reconcile, if you shun also the minor offenders, if you cancel without context, you are resorting to the same bad-faith arguments as your most villainous enemies use.

As they say, when fighting monsters, don’t become a monster yourself.

You have to step through complicated quagmires with fairness. And the rage warriors don’t want to see complexity because then they have to slow down. And they don’t want to slow down because they are performing morality for social points. And the social points come and go very quickly.

We’re not even coming to the table in the same way. And you can’t even argue with a bad faith argument.

In any case, rage warfare just makes the other side double down and entrench (since recovery isn’t even an option extended to them). So it’s not even helpful to the cause. It’s just makes more racists out of micro-aggressors.

Here’s the Facebook conversation:

Native Stardust (from NYC): Native look doesn’t mean Cher, or anyone else, is native and no she’s not entitled to wear native style headdresses that aren’t earned and that appropriate and perpetuate erasure of native culture. #native #indigenous #nativeamerican

[Hundreds of comments from many, many Facebookers then occurred.]

Me: This is a very sensitive topic, appropriation. Many points of view on this one, even in this thread. And Cher is an interesting case, especially in thinking about what her TV shows were doing in the early 1970s when there were zero representations of anything on TV that wasn’t super-white (Beverly Hillbillies, I Dream of Jeannie, The Brady Bunch). Her shows were trying to be multicultural. We see this very differently from 2026. There is a whole book on this with a Cher chapter, Off-White Hollywood by Diane Negra

And she does it in her movies. She won an academy award for playing an Italian women and she is zero percent Italian.

Robert: Mary, Sanford and son , Chico and the man. Flip Wilson show. Fat Albert. Harlem Globetrotters.. TV in early 70s wasn’t all white. Lone Ranger had tonto has a partner. The real McCoy’s there was an Hispanic hired hand. Bonanza had Hopsing. Kung Fu had some Chinese people in it. Green hornet. All the westerns had native in them.

Me: Robert,  yeah that was in the 70s, too. I was talking about the late 60s. Those shows you mention were part of the same trend. Fred Silverman at CBS (in particular) wanted to end white “country” shows like Andy Griffith and appeal more to young people in cities. Which all the shows you mention (and the new CBS lineup of shows like S&C, Mary Tyler Moore, Bob Newhart, Flip Wilson) did do.

I know nothing about Western shows but those ended in the 70s too.

Sage: Mary McCray ew wtf is that

[I don’t know. I didn’t even respond.]

Brian: Mary, Jeannie should have been Middle Eastern.

Me: Brian, that would have been great. 60s TV casting was ridiculously white.

Anita: Mary, this is not about the roles she plays, she’s just an actress which doesn’t entitle her to pose as a native woman in costume, Indian women wore no such thing and shame on you people for giving her carte blanch

Me: I’m not giving her “carte blanch” – I believe this is a legitimate controversy. I’m just raising the complexities in the issue. Shame on you for assuming the worst about me.

[That was this morning.]

How can you separate Cher acting in movies from acting on television and “the roles she plays?” Cher is an actor when she plays an Italian but a transgressor when she sings as a Native American? No variety show in the history of anything was ever about realism. However, you can argue variety shows did carry forward inappropriate liberties taken from Vaudeville. (But I don’t think that was Anita’s point.)

The issue is just larger than a male American headdress. “Indian women wore no such thing.” This is a larger issue of Cher wearing afro wigs, Cher wearing geisha dresses. I have heard tsk-tsks from white people about those things too. And I’m sure these other instances of Cher’s costume appropriation bother Asian and African Americans, as well.

So I’m sorry Anita. It almost certainly has to do with all these roles she plays.

And it’s mostly young people who are taking issue, young people who didn’t live through the racial context of television in the 1960s and 70s. Which is why Cher wasn’t a target then but is one now.

Later in the thread Vernon said, “What if Cher’s attire brought attention to the native culture and people started to learn about their history and plight which created an understanding and connection.” Someone responded by saying maybe it just reinforced sexual fetishization of Native American women.

Bring attention to something versus fetishizing native women is always something we need to talk about. The Sonny & Cher Comedy Hour in 1973 might have unintentionally done that when two things crisscrossed to perpetuate a problem. Cher in cultural clothes combined with Cher wanting to assert herself sexually. I would argue strenuously that this was always her idea (and her co-conspirator, Bob Mackie) and not the idea of Sonny (who wasn’t all in for it because this was his wife) or the show’s idea (the show censors also fought it). Cher fought for her right to wear Bob Mackie’s clothes. And those clothes always showed off a lot of skin.

But there’s also complications here with representation, because Cher has been a sexy pirate on an album cover, a sexy farm girl on another TV show, a sexy roller-derby girl in promotion. (Growing up in California, this is probably the only organic sexy outfit she could don). These types of women are commonly fetishized as well. And it sounds ridiculous to insist Cher should only be allowed to be a sexy Armenian. And then the Armenians could protest. After all she didn’t grow up in Armenia or even in L.A.’s Little Armenia. Would she need to prove DNA blood quantum or acquire a sort of Armenia tribal card? If you know anything about these things, you know blood quantum and tribal membership are themselves controversial ideas in the American Indian Nation community (see the booklist below).

And then there’s the problem of degree.

In talking with Mr. Cher Scholar, he mentioned the Hollywood pressure to hire actors who are the same gender, ethnicity or sexual orientation as their characters in the productions, as close to the character in casting as possible as to not make anybody in the audience mad. Which has proven to be thorny, too. (Color blind casting is the opposite impulse but that makes essentialists angry, too.)

Taken to the logical conclusion, you wouldn’t be able to play a rape victim if you had never been raped. You wouldn’t be able to play a soldier if you had never been a soldier. Our own personal lanes are so narrow, it would make the art of acting completely moot. The actors whole point is to get into the skin of somebody else.

The same goes for writers. And models. And singers. And artists who pull in techniques from other cultures. And then birth ancestry is just one way to look at your past heritage. Some people believe in other kinds of lineage, like past lives that exist outside of their own family systems.

Then there’s the problem of artistic sympathy and support. Sebastian Barry just published a book from the point-of-view of an American slave. (He is Irish.)  Although not having read this book, I have to say I agree with giving Sebastian Barry the opportunity to write outside of his lane. This is what I had to say last week on Facebook:

Writing is as much about process as it is a business. Writing about people from different backgrounds than your own (or different genders) builds empathy. Or at least attempts to do that. Even when you get the details wrong or screw something up. It’s good for writers and it’s good for their unsympathetic readers.

Although it’s definitely not fair when white writers get more money and better publishing deals when telling stories about people of color or women than minority writers get for similar stories, this is an economic and publishing issue more than a writing issue. Writers should keep trying to involve the full world in their work and not shy away from all the hard things.

We are self-segregating and this is bad. If writers feel they are not allowed to write about a variety of people (or anyone outside of their own narrow lanes of birth) or cook away from their birth culture or play music or wear clothes or whatever it is, people start glamorizing their own groups and they start villainizing all the other groups and racism increases and here we are. If we can’t share culture, we devolve and villainize. We need to keep up the practice of understanding each other and that is what writing is.

For what it’s worth, the Half Breed dress is a drawing ultimately. It is a fiction, an idea of Cher as a vague American tribal warrior more than it is a non-Indian person exploiting a real culturally-imbued regalia used by a prior person from another culture. Again, a matter of degree. Is it the feathers?  What if those feathers are not real feathers? (And who qualifies to own the feathers?) What if you add Hollywood bling to the design? Obviously the dress was not trying to be traditional. It was not trying to pass off as something legitimate. It was trying to allude to a the power of Cher.

But it very well could be said to sexualize female American Indianness in the process of Cher being Cher. And that could have unintended consequences for Native American women who still perform ceremonies in their lives.

But then that is about the headdress and not the other suede shirts and jewelry and headbands Cher also occasionally wore.

I’m just saying it’s complicated. And online warriors (wearing their own illegitimate headdresses of warfare) do not want to partake in the complicated conversation. They have two buckets: good and evil. You’re either one or the other.

And I’m not convinced it’s entirely a politically left/right spread here. Liberals can be ineffectively shrill and clueless in their rule-making un-scalability to be sure but I have worked over the years with quite a few “maliciously compliant” right-wingers who will performatively support a system they don’t believe in at all and do so with such strict compliance in order to make the system or the new rules seem untenable in order to cause those systems to fail and the very act of considering other people’s feelings seem ultimately ridiculous and impossible.

It was one of my current co-workers (also a current practitioner of the ruse above) who alerted me to the phrase “malicious compliance.”  We often have a mix of both of these people in any “correctness crusade.”

But that doesn’t make any of them morally right. It just makes good conversations harder to have.

I don’t think appropriation is comprised of two buckets. It’s complex. Appropriation can be exploitive and too many times has been. It can also be good-faith attempts to understand each other.

Cher’s ethnic appropriations are way larger than her use of male warrior clothing, as Negra’s book meticulously outlines and as any TV variety show historian would point out.

Tim Curry put it very well when talking about The Rocky Horror Picture Show:

“Look beyond the end of your own nose, just briefly. Please.”

1970s television context is this: I’m pretty, pretty sure The Sonny & Cher Comedy Hour was not trying to exploit ethnicities. Until World War II, Sonny (as a Siscilian Italian) and Cher (as a vaguely looking ethnic person) would not have been considered white in America. Cher has her own scary story about United States border patrol trying to refuse her entry back into the country when she was under 10 years old because she looked Mexican and the rest of her family looked so blonde and white. I’m sure Sonny and Cher were sensitive to racism. I’m also pretty sure the writers and producers were trying to show the beauty of other cultures (in American and around the World) as an anecdote to white American television of the 1950s and 1960s. And all through the powerful female vehicle of Cher and her ethnic vagueness.

That I’m a Cher fan makes me immediately suspect in this conversation even though I am not a “carte blanche” fan, to use Anita’s term. Real “carte blance” Cher fans would take umbrage to hearing me being described that way. I’m way to critical for them. I’m not “carte blanche” enough!

Being  a “scholar” of the subject also gives me zero credibility. Just watch me out there pointing out A.I. pictures of Cher on socials. People are committed to their willingness to believe themselves over everybody else.

I’m ultimately more of a fan of fairness and navigating racism in America in productive ways. Rage and cancel culture has only seemed to exacerbate racism for the racists. Therefore, I see it as a failed strategy.

Battle lines being drawn.

Here is Cher singing “For What it’s Worth” (on the cover again wearing a fringe suede top and a bandanna). Cher has spent her whole life being judged as the most and least authentic person in the room from day one. Is she a real hippie? Should she be singing a Buffalo Springfield song in a Muscle Shoals studio? Should those unique musical sounds be coming off a Cher record?

And yet those who have worked with her categorize her as the most authentic person in the room. This further complicates her dynamic.

There are endless circles of being, presentation and ideas about who is allowed to do what, wear what, etc. Cher is a lightning rod for these kinds of culture struggles. And the Internet is full of people making outrage (possibly for their own benefit) to keep those culture struggles in play instead of actually envisioning productive ideas for a collective national future.

Should we keep having the conversations about appropriation? Definitely. Should we read up on other tribal and identity concerns of this American community. 100%. You can “do you own research” and find plenty of online lists on where to start with Native American literature. But here are my current favorites:

  • There, There, the hugely successful novel by Tommy Orange exploring the lives of American Indians in urban cities
  • Birding While Indian, a poignant memoir by Thomas C. Gannon
  • The Only Good Indians, a brilliant horror novel by Stephen Graham Jones
  • The memoirs and poetry by Joy Harjo
  • The novels of Louise Erdrich and Leslie Marmon Silko
  • Experimental poetry by Layli Long Soldier and James Thomas Stevens

Afrofuturism As It Intersects with Cher

Intro

If been a bit busy working on the Big Bang Poetry side of things (since publishing the big Cher Beauty Book). But over the last few weeks I’ve been having some big music blog brainstorms.

If you had told me a week ago that there was a line that went from Jimi Hendrix through Cher around issues of sci-fi ideology, I would have thought this was a crazy idea.

Cher did sing “Hey Joe” on her 1967 album With Love, Cher.  Here’s a Japanese single cover. By the way, this summer when my sister-in-law Kumi was in my Cher She-Shed, she seemed excited about the Japanese album versions of Cher music.

But anyway, I didn’t have the With Love album until I was in high school but I did have several compilation albums that included the song, including Superpak Vol II and The Golden Hits of Cher, an orange-covered comp strangely half-full of songs that were not hits (including this song, which only made it to 94 on Billboard’s Hot 100).

This was the first single for the Jimi Hendrix Experience in 1966. There was also a Byrds version that year, a version possibly closer to the consciousness of Sonny at the time.

I had brothers in my house who were tortured by these Cher covers (and only knew the Hendrix version) and they each, in their own ways, tried to rectify this dreadful situation by forcing me to listen to the originals.

This reminds me of a Boston concert I attended a few years ago with my ex-sister-in-law Maureen  and while we were waiting for the show to start we both had the same memory at the same time. Whenever we were driving around in the car with my brother he would always play 1960s/70s rock stations and he would test you on the first few notes of every song. If you didn’t guess the song correctly you would get a punch in the arm. It sounds aggro but we an older-brother punch in the arm was sometimes quite funny. His own daughter even confirmed he carried on the same tradition with her. It surely caused me to identify songs quicker but I never missed the Jimi Hendrix songs, especially “Hey Joe” because I already knew it.

Cher’s version was kind of funky and dangerous…for Cher anyway. I liked the way her voice wavered and faltered in the song. By 1967 Cher was singing better too. And Sonny did a good job making that bass sound menacing in the production.

Anyway, a few weeks ago my friend Jen recommended I watch Questlove’s Earth, Wind & Fire documentary on HBO (Earth, Wind & Fire (To Be Celestial vs. That’s the Weight of the World). I was late to enjoying Earth Wind & Fire myself (another ampersand act), only getting into their Greatest Hits in college, and was surprised to learn about Maurice White’s whole layer of space-quest spirituality. (Although those album covers should have been a clue. Journey covers had  silly space covers too and it just seemed like a ridiculous turn-of-the-decade thing bands did as a nod to modernity and I never gave it another thought.)

But the documentary immediately reminded me of the Wayne Shorter documentary Jen also suggested I watch years ago (Wayne Shorter: Zero Gravity) and that documentary was also “spacy” and full of his fairy figurine collection and multiverses. This all then coincided with an Ann Powers book I was reading about the history of pop music through the lens of America’s evolving sexual customs and values (Good Booty: Love and Sex, Black and White, Body and Soul in American Music). Among other things, Powers explained Hendrix’s interest in sci-fi interest and “alien” experiments with studio technology.

I told Jen about all these things floating around in my head and because she is a legit music person she said: “Afrofuturism.”

And with that word my head exploded. Because also at the end of the Ann Powers book was about three pages on AutoTune (correct spelling according to its manufacturer) and its use in Rap and Hip Hop. And I thought what is auto-tune if not the sound of a cyborg machine-man? (Power’s last chapter was even called “Hungry Cyborg.”)

But let’s start with Afrofuturism in general. The term was coined in 1992 by Mark Dery to retrospectively describe writers like Octavia E. Butler, Samuel Delany and Ishmael Reed and musicians like Sun Ra, Parliament-Funkadelic, Grace Jones, OutKast, Erykah Badu and Janelle Monae. Alondra Nelson was also a pioneering scholar.

Sun Ra

I learned about Afrofuturism from this Carnegie Hall history written by Tony Bolden from The University of Kansas. Bolden explains Afrofuturism as basically about flight and freedom, the oppressed class using technology to escape earthly historical traumas and systemic racism, ideas which go back all the way to the African American spiritual “Swing Low, Sweet Chariot.” Which is pretty amazing. And that song also highlights the important spiritual thread in Afrofuturism. It’s about “cosmic literation” and the possibilities of another world, technologies and “a prosthetically enhanced future.”  The futuristic impulse itself is liberating. But there’s another angle in Afrofuturism which is alienation (the lost traveler, the expelled extraterrestrial).

Musically, this consistently involved electronic sounds like synthesizers and lyrically conceptual ideas around life beyond this flawed Earth. So there are futuristic sounds (electronics), lyrics and imagery (those Earth Wind & Fire album covers).

The holy spirit angle often involved the angelic (Ann Powers even describes the use of AutoTune in the song “Believe” as turning Cher into an angelic cyborg), but also as in the fact that music itself is  a powerful spiritual force, often trance-inducing.

Bolden starts of in the 1940s with artist Sun Ra who called musicians “musical astronauts.” Like Earth Wind & Fire (named after Maurice White’s astrology chart, by the way), Sun Ra looks both back to Egypt and forward to space travel and he was considered a pioneer with electronic instruments like the electronic piano, synthesizer, clavioline [electric keyboard] and celeste [a keyboard percussion instrument]. Sun Ra’s song and album titles are also full of terms having to do with flight and space.

My friend Jen recommended “Love in Outer Space” as a place to start.

Ann Powers on Joplin, Morrison and Hendrix

As a quick but interesting aside: in her book Good Booty (2017) Ann Powers talks about how Janis Joplin, Jim Morrison and Jimi Hendrix were all disappointed when they died…which is not necessarily why they died…but because their individual intellectual-music projects had failed. (By the way, this artwork is available on Etsy.)

Powers says “like the classic blues queens she emulated, [Janis] Joplin demanded that her audience recognize the costs of the libertine stance she took….Joplin’s [allure] was tied up in appetite…was central to her eroticism, which was a categorically transcendent as was Hendrix’s but aggressive and enveloping where his was elusive and ego-dissolving…She…screamed away the social hierarchies that demanded women be deferential and self-contained using not only noise but ribald humor and an embrace of ugliness that employed nuance to make it seductive, even beautiful.” Powers then describes the compromised and conflicted identity of a female musician becoming “one of the guys.”

“Eventually Joplin’s pep became a trap very similar to the one Hendrix felt stifling him.” [pg 181-187]

Jim Morrison, Powers says, “wanted to be love’s terrorist, but he looked, moved and sounded like a teen idol.” Powers mentions his lifelong desire to be seen as a serious writer but that ultimately his writing and pontifications were considered clownish by the popular press, even the rock press critic Ellen Sander calling Morrison the “Mickey Mouse de Sade.” But perhaps even more sadly Powers says Morrison began to see his own attempts at sexual revolution as failed (especially after being arrested in Miami for a somewhat performative lewdness). “Morrison himself seemed to have realized that the sloppiness of his action rendered it ineffective.” [pg 187-196]

Jimi Hendrix saw racism at both ends: “accused of being a ‘psychedelic Uncle Tom’ by a black audience that (at the time and from his point of view) refused to support him and then suffering integration issues and being called “Super Spade” and other “minstrelsy-level nicknames” by white fans.

Powers quotes historian Lauren Onkey in saying “he had come to realize that the hybridity of his act wasn’t communicating what he wanted it to either to counterculture or mainstream audiences…Near the end of his life Hendrix’s performances became strangely lackluster. Realizing that his audience was having trouble identifying with his polymorphous vision of lust and satiation as an aspect of a larger spiritual evolution—a very science-fiction scenario reflecting Hendrix’s immersion in that genre—he retreated more and more into his Electric Lady Studios.” [pg 172-181]

Ann Powers calls these three 1960s icons “the ultimate threesome…generational spokespeople…united by an aura of erotic challenge that few of their peers could match. They incarnated both the promise and the oppressive disappointments of the time.”

She says, “their performances…made clear how the confines of the sexual convention persisted and pushed countercultural adventurers back into positions not that different from the ones they’d run from or rebelled against.”

Their revolutions remained incomplete. “The arcs of their musical careers were tragedies not defined by the chemical misadventures that took their lives, but by the rage each was expressing by their final months, a frustration reflective of the darkening realizations among many Americans that the promise of a sensual utopia was being smothered in the quagmires of racial and gender inequality….that fury each [artist] expressed at being pushed back into the confines of conventional self-expression…Hendrix’s awareness that in order to even begin to communicate eroticism in a new way, he had to still offer up the old ones, which were ultimately degrading. Joplin expressed this conundrum, too.” [pg 169-172]

More Jimi Hendrix

According to Tony Bolden, Hendrix was “a pivotal figure in the history of Afrofuturism in music” and that he was both influenced by and (eventually) influenced other jazz, rap and hip-hop artists. His “affinity for science fiction dovetailed with jazz giants’ themes and techniques.”

He highlights the song “Third Stone from the Sun” about an extraterrestrial astronaut…using “feedback to improvise a plausible, sonic representation of an alien’s voice in the midst of traveling through space” and how the extraterrestrial eventually “questions whether humans are truly an intelligent lifeform. “Jimi Hendrix also, Bolden says, “demonstrated that it was possible to foreground Afrofuturist sensibilities with imaginative lyrics.”

According to Google’s A.I. research, Hendrix was an early pioneer of Afrofuturism and he blended black traditions with futuristic imagery (“planets and celestial travel”) and advanced studio technology (“otherworldly guitar effects…distortion pedals and multi-track recording”) to explore the Black identity with “outer space and alternate dimensions,” claiming science fiction and futurism for black artists.

Apparently his contributions to Afrofuturism are recognized by the National Museum of African American History and Culture and he is understood to be an Afrofuturist and a studio technology innovator.

Google’s backup articles on Jimi Hendrix include:

Wayne Shorter: Zero Gravity

Jazz artist Wayne Shorter is never included (as far as I can see) in the Afrofuturist lists or timelines but his documentary was full of fairies, multiverses and extra-human superheroes and according to Google A.I. research, he too had a fascination with multiverses and “cosmic philosophy.”

His speculative narratives “of transcendence and liberation from human limitations is a foundational pillar of Afrofuturist thought….The ultimate expression of Shorter’s Afrofuturism arrived in his 2018 triple album, Emanon” and the “physical box set includes a 120-page sci-fi graphic novel penned by Shorter and Monica Sly, with art by Randy DuBurke. It follows a rogue, multi-dimensional superhero named Emanon who travels across the multiverse to fight oppression and stagnation with the power of sound.”

“During the 1970s, Shorter co-founded the pioneering fusion band Weather Report [which] used newly invented synthesizers and electronic soundscapes to project Black music into a high-tech, cosmic future. This era of jazz fusion is widely studied as a golden age of Afrofuturist sonic experimentation.”

Google’s backup articles on Wayne Shorter include:

Earth Wind & Fire, To Be Celestial vs. That’s the Weight of the World

So there’s those futuristic ideas behind the lyrics, their live outfits and the album covers.

From Google A.I. Research:

“Earth, Wind & Fire pioneered Afrofuturism by fusing ancient African and Egyptian mysticism with cosmic, futuristic imagery. Led by Maurice White, the band used otherworldly stage shows, spiritual jazz, and iconic sci-fi artwork to project a powerful, liberated vision of Black identity and universal harmony.”

 

Tony Bolden (in his Carnegie Hall history) goes on to trace Afrofuturism through artists like Betty Davis, Chaka Khan, George Clinton (all who “expressed admiration for Jimi Hendrix”), Nona Hendryx’s writing for LaBelle, and Earth Wind and Fire.

Bolden says these funk artists “paved new ground in American musical history” with “theatrical elements” and visuals like P-Funk’s big mothership prop and Earth Wind & Fire theatrics, [as big, if not bigger than modern day diva shows], and “glam-rock outfits with space-travel imagery” in order to suggest taking “marginalized people…[and] fly them to outer space.”  Clinton was Dr. Funkenstein with a “space bass” and shows included characters like the Star Child and concepts like the Holy Funk.

Bolden continues the Neo-Funk Afrofuturists like Erykah Badu (and her “wombiverse”), OutKast, Janelle Monae…all who explore ideas of alienation and diaspora with electronic sounds. Janelle Monae says, “we believe songs are spaceships.” Bolden talks about Clinton’s use of Star Trek, Monae’s use of the movie Metropolis, her use of uniforms and androids, her album titles, including The Electric Lady, her prescient A.I. predictions (that have come to pass, by the way), her liner-note sci-fi short stories, her forward and backward-looking dance moves (her version of the moonwalk) and the idea of cybersoul.

The Intersection of Cher and her African American Audience

So now we get back to Cher. By the way, while researching this I learned more about Barry Manilow’s African American fanbase. He does have one; just search “FaniBro.”

Anyway, Cher has developed a powerful and unequivocal African American fanbase that has grown since her use of AutoTune and I just can’t help but think this is not just about AutoTune. I mean let’s be honest: so what that a white woman uses a studio tool. Someone invented record sampling too (French composer  Pierre Schaeffer) but do we see black artists calling him out for respect?

Even before dating record producer Alexander Edwards, Cher has had friendships in the black community, supporting artists like director Ava DuVernay, appearing in ads with music artists like Future and Saweetie and supporting fashion designers Stephen Burrows (from the 1970s) to Olivier Rousteing (2023). She’s had a long recording history with Harold Battiste and Sonny and Cher had working relationships and friendships with Sam Cooke and Little Richard. She’s was also a big fan of Stevie Wonder (at a crucial time when she was finding personal emancipation through music after leaving Sonny) and her friendship and admiration for Diana Ross. Sonny & Cher also included many black artists on their television shows back in the 1970s. She has also recorded credibly in the genres of gospel, funk, soul and R&B without sounding either performatively black or making her covers sound cartoonishly white.

However, she’s made plenty of her own mistakes with visual appropriation (the afro wigs come to mind), her big Grammy gaffe in 2026 and her controversial George Floyd tweet of 2021 when she was accused of having a “white savior complex.”

What is interesting to me about those incidents is how often her African American friends and fans will either defend her or refrain from piling on to criticize her. More on that later.

AutoTune by Ann Powers

In her book Good Booty Powers spends about 4 pages talking about AutoTune not in regards to Cher but in explaining its use in Rap and Hip Hop. But she never once uses the term Afrofuturism.

She begins her last chapter, “Hungry Cyborgs,” talking about the perils of Internet life: “the insecurity of online information, which could make people victims of crimes, ranging from online stalking to identity theft…the risk-inducing pressure …[of] online personas.”  Powers quotes Andy Clark’s ideas of “the soft self” or “collaborated selves,” a mix of online and offline identities which seem both unstable and insecure, ever more fragile and vulnerable.

She only references Cher in only one sentence. As if to say, “yeah Cher started all this.”

This is indicative of white critical responses to Cher (even among feminists like Powers who fail to see how empowerment tools in use for marginalized black artists might also track to marginalized female artists).

And it’s remarkably different to see how black musicians respond to Cher since Kayne West walked up to her at the Met Gala in 2015 to give her those first AutoTune kudos. But those kudos have continued right up to the 2024 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame induction when Chuck D. of Public Enemy stated, “I know a lotta rappers gotta thank Cher, right? We gotta thank Cher”.

There’s much more reverence and respect. Like 100% to none, I would say. And it reflects the cultural differences and respective points of view. The black music world is inclusive of Cher in ways the white music world is not. And this hasn’t always been the case.

I have a few ideas about this but one is that AutoTune is another effective tool in Afrofuturism.

Ann Powers, in any case, starts her exploration of AutoTune with artist T-Pain and his “creation of giddy confusion between the flesh and mechanics, calculation and emotion… he was the soft self, celebrating.”

She mentions other artists who have effectively used the tool: Lil Wayne, Snoop Dog and Kayne West. Powers says some artists “employed auto-tune to communicate vulnerability.” She says Kayne West used it to talk about the death of his mother (who died during plastic surgery, actually) and that West could achieve “emotional nakedness…only wearing the costume of auto-tune.”

Powers talks about how the rise of AutoTune in Rap and Hip Hop also coincided with the rise of raunch culture (the pornification of female artists intended to be read as empowerment)…and the idea that romance itself was “just a form or artifice.” And that both raunch and AutoTune “presupposed that a certain basic inauthenticity was at the heart of human self-expression. Everything was a performance, even within our most intimate experiences with voice and flesh and the human heart.”

I find it fascinating that marginalized artists (in all kinds of art) seem to gravitate to tools of inauthenticity and primarily white/male artists gravitate to ideas of authenticity.  And I think it’s always a good exercise to think about why this might be the case.

Powers notes that T-Pain’s voice “twisted by machines, yet somehow wrung out more thoroughly by the manipulation—the computerized elements reshape and heighten emotion in these sounds, rather than deadening it.” And this is the big irony of the tool.

And she compares the blended identities as described earlier in her chapter as being also true for music, which [let’s face it, from the beginning of recorded time] has always been a blend of human and electronic elements. AutoTune, Powers says, challenges “old ideas about pure experience.”  [pg 316, 329-333]

Last week I also read an essay by Simone White on the Trap and Drill forms of Rap (from the book This Woman’s Work, edited by Sinead Gleeson and Kim Gordon (pg 216). I still don’t fully understand the definitions but White talks about the use made by the Roland TR-808 Rhythm Composer drum machine and how many dance artists didn’t like it because it sounded fake. White talks about the “sonic accident combined with a typical capitalist reversal wherein a cheap product is repurposed in an unanticipated (black) market.” And she notes its use by Future, Drake and Rhianna.

So mis-using studio tools isn’t limited to AutoTune and they both can be considered a capitalist reversal of a product repurposed against the intentions of a capitalist market.

Anyway, it was then that I searched Google A.I. for “Afrofuturism and autotune.”

The intersection of Afrofuturism and Auto-Tune

“Black artists repurpose digital technology to explore liberation, alienation, and post-human identities. Afrofuturist musicians exploit its extreme settings to intentionally sound robotic, metallic, and “alien,” turning a studio utility into a transformative creative instrument. Afrofuturism merges science fiction, technology, and African diasporic histories to imagine liberated futures. Auto-Tune fits perfectly into this framework…”

(Even A.I. is misspelling it.)

Concepts that overlap according to Google A.I.: the black cyborg (which taps into slavery histories of forced labor, being treated as biological machines, having bodies coded as less than human or less than white), robotic sounds re-envision the old narrative from exploited people into “self-engineered cyborgs.”

“The “zero-onset” retune speed of Auto-Tune detaches the human voice from a fixed geographic or racial category, evoking an extraterrestrial displacement.”

And “just as early hip-hop pioneers repurposed vinyl turntables and analog samplers to create entirely new genres, modern Black vocalists take Auto-Tune and push it past its intended limits to invent a new vocal architecture.”

There was even a table A.I. provided of the Afrofuturist/Technology Evolution that explored the Era, the Pioneers, the “Creative Use of Technology,” and the “Afrofuturist Themes:”

The Proto-Futurists (1970s–1980s)
Where Sun Ra, George Clinton (P-Funk), Zapp & Roger used talkboxes, vocoders, and synthesizers to explore “leaving Earth on the Mothership and  transcending the limits of the human body.”

The Blueprint Era (2000s)
Where T-Pain, Kanye West used “hard-tuned digital melismas; raw emotional tracking through a digital filter (808s & Heartbreak)” to explore “digital alienation, masking trauma and vulnerability behind a flawless, glossy technological armor.”

The Trap & Sci-Fi Wave (2010s–Present)
Where Future, Travis Scott, Janelle Monáe, Lil Uzi Vert used “heavy vocal layering, codeine-slurred distortion, and cybernetic textures” to explore “hyper-futurism, android consciousness, existential isolation, and psychedelic space travel.”

The A.I. essay ended with “critics frequently dismiss Auto-Tune as a ’crutch’ that masks a lack of raw talent. However, within the realm of Afrofuturism, this critique is subverted…the goal is to celebrate the artificial. By intentionally showing the seams of the digital processor, artists challenge the Western ideal of a ‘pure’ or ‘soulful’ acoustic voice, proving that technology can feel deeply human, vulnerable, and liberatory.”

Google’s references lists of articles:

For Afrofuturism:

For AutoTune:

But here’s the interesting (and eerie) thing: none of the Afrofuturism articles above mention AutoTune and none of the AutoTune articles above mention Afrofuturism. This is all AI synthesis of who knows what.

*Shudder*

I actually could not find an article online that referenced both Afrofuturism and AutoTune. But I did find these interesting articles:

The Inherent Afrofuturism of Sampling

13 Innovative Uses of Auto-Tune Among Hip Hop Acts

I sometimes wonder wonder if Cher’s fan-base exists in the black community not just because she started autotune officially but because she didn’t back down from it once the mostly-white/male rock community disparaged its existence and continued usage, focusing their ire primarily on Cher when they did.

 

It’s time to point out that some complicated things are going on in the very Earthly Cher world, unresolved situations with her son Elijah (and his seemingly very opportunistic ex-wife) that involve his continued confinement in a mental health facility and the rumor of his alleged teen daughter (the step-granddaughter of singer/actress Julie Andrews no less) that it seems perfectly understandable that her memoir (part 2) has been postponed multiple times now and a new album has not yet come to be. These may be new things Cher may decide she no longer has the time or energy to finish.

But if she ever does return to music, there are futuristic possibilities, concepts and music collaborations that would very naturally interact with her current plastic, cyborg, larger-than-life persona.

Full-disclosure: I am not a sci-fi fan. I have always preferred the very earthy world of fantasy, with its map-land creatures seeing two breakfasts and traveling along endless dirt roads and then camping in forests or some quaintly dangerous roadside Inn.

But if there were ever to be a sci-fi/cyborg Cher album, I would enthusiastically buy that.

The Cher Beauty Book

So the reason I was more excited about the Cher Garnier commercial Q&A a few weeks ago, more so than for the actual Garnier Diamond Sleek commercial, was because I was in the middle of compiling decades of Cher beauty advice for a new Beauty section on Cher Scholar.

I love the cult around skin care, hair care and cosmetics (a distant third because I have no understanding of color theory, highlighting, shadowing or art sense).

I love those things for the same reason I love feeling my bare feet on the earth, the sound of my shoes crunching on the dirt, the sounds and sensations of ceramic classes, the whole tactile event of getting a facial, the lotions and the potions, the breathing in of the steam, the ASMR of the mortal and pestle (for estheticians who still do that…everything is so “non-invasive treatment” these days).

I just LOVE IT. And combine those things with Cher and I’m just losing my mind.

The last few years of expanding Cher Scholar has been so much fun: documenting all the variety shows and specials, cataloguing over 400 TV appearances and counting, getting my head around the Cher doll outfits and collections and all of last year’s food experiments.

To be honest, I was a better cook last year than when I tried to make the Cooking For Cher recipes decades ago. But I’m still not using the big chopping knife because that’s still scary: “Chrissy! Bring me the big knife!”

Anyway, compiling this Beauty Book was just super, super fun.

As a tween, I loved the 1980s celebrity beauty guru books and read as many as I could find. At the end of last year I paused after revisiting a few recipes in Cher’s book Forever Fit to re-read and review these old gems on Substack:

  1. Christie Brinkley’s books
  2. Raquel Welch
  3. Victoria Principal’s books
  4. Cheryl Tiegs
  5. Miss Piggy
  6. Michelle Obama

So here it is, The Cher Beauty Book, with online chapters covering all the same things found in those Christie Brinkley and Victoria Principal books, but as told by Cher and her entourage of experts.

I hope you find it fun, too.

Cher Is 80! (and Magazines Celebrating Cher)

So Cher turned 80 on 20 May and I did not have a post ready. I was working on a big poetry project and a friend asked me what I was doing for Cher’s big birthday (a few people asked me actually). And I was like…err.  Was I supposed to do something? Should I have prepared something early? I did not do this. Million reasons but there it is.

But it’s not that I wasn’t thinking about the milestone and, to be honest, it is quite a big deal. At every milestone year I can’t help but think about how lucky we are, as Cher fans, to still be enjoying Cher stuff after all this time. Especially us older fans who got on board in the 1960s and 1970s. But when you think about it, even the 1980s fans are now old-time fans now. It’s crazy these decades that keep flying by.

But also just for Cher, as an entertainer, to not have succumbed to all the pitfalls of show business: from short-lived fame (despite all the critics who predicted this) to all the health issues she has or could have had and all the mind-f**ks of of fame. It is an extraordinary thing. And just to live 80 years. To be one of the humans who can get there….is a lucky thing.

And another point I want to make: when male celebrities cross these milestones, nobody seems to notice or make such a big deal about it. Is this because women are not supposed to last this long? Old women should be disposable after 40, 50, 60, 70? Whenever their sex appeal starts to diminish out there on the market? So Cher being treated like a sexy 80 year old is a good thing for all of us.

It was originally my intention to make my next Cher blog post about exclusive, collector’s Cher magazines through the years; and this seems to fit nicely with an 80th birthday post. Because People Magazine just issued another collector’s exclusive Cher magazine and because these magazines are a great retrospective of Cher through the years,  each magazine in its unique way.

Let’s get started on the features of each one and if re-issues are really identical magazines or what the differences are.

(If I’m missing any U.S. publications or if any magazines that were published in other countries, let me know. I’ll try to find them and catch up.)

But first of all I want to say that the very idea of a whole magazine devoted to Cher was an unimaginable treat when I was younger, like a new biography out, except full of pictures. So maybe even better. I found out about the 1970s magazines from the early days of scanning eBay auctions. In some cases, I waited for years to find and win copies. This was in the late 1990s while I was a broke Sarah Lawrence College student. My friends famously remember a time I arrived at a Red Robin diner in Yonkers with a stack of quarters because I spent all my money on Cher picture discs that Cher superfan Ward Lamb was selling on eBay. Later I met him at a Cher Convention and told him all about it. That first year I was running the Cher Trivia game and he won. He had just given a lecture on Cher records I think. Good times.

Cher Superstar (1975)

91 pages, black and white, Sterling’s Magazines

The table of contents pages are always illuminating. In this magazine, there are articles. There are pin-up pages you can tear out and tack to your bedroom walls. There’s biography. Never-before-seen photos. There’s a beauty section! (More on that in a later post.) There are four color photos (the cover pages) and the rest is in black-and-white.

Some interesting photos:

And unusual photo of Cher’s mother with Cher in the 1960s (I haven’t seen many of these, more of them together in the 1970s) and a rare photo of Cher’s father in the 1970s (turns out he’s suing her at this time):

The Chastity Birthday Party:

The photograph of this birthday party blew my mind when I first saw this magazine. I think Photoplay had a whole issue on this party (I’ll look for it). It was photographs of Chastity’s birthday party at The Big House, Carolwood. This is when it occurred to me that the back cover of the All I Ever Need Is You album was taken at their house and not some fancy Italian shopping mall.

Sonny’s girlfriends after the breakup:

Interesting Sonny & Cher photos:

See? Stars Are Just Like Us:

The Sonny and Cher divorce day pics and speculation about their getting back together.

America was so sad about this divorce.

A candid with Gregg Allman and Fred Silverman:

Can I just say I miss paperback bookstores.

Cher Beauty Secrets:

A whole section on this! (We’ll come back to this later.) And I love any photos of Cher without makeup. Unlike for Dolly Parton, Cher was never afraid to go out in public without makeup.

Quotes About Cher, Quotes by Cher and Pet Peeves:

It’s interesting that Gregg Allman’s sexist quotes are always worse than Sonny’s sexist quotes. That quote from Gregg Allman’s grandmother is pretty funny, though.

Other significant quotes from Cher:

  • “I could never stop loving Sonny.” There! She said it way back in 1975. She didn’t just say it at Sonny’s funeral. She said it in the 1980s. She said it in the 1990s. But Sonny never did say he would never stop loving Cher. Not once.
  • “Feel my ass, it’s as hard as a rock” – Cher was always a proponent of fitness so…plastic surgery didn’t negate that.
  • “I’m not an easy lay.” (We should all use that one.)

“I’m not really a big advocate of women’s liberation…” and then she says something precisely feminist…This is typical of the things Cher was saying in the early 1970s. “Woman’s World,” among other more current things, has made up for this.

When she decides to sell Carolwood: “Now now man, I got the house inside of me.” Yes!

On Cher’s least and most favorite things: I don’t like scratchy sweaters either. But I never did understand that whole Backgammon craze of the 1970s (or how to play Backgammon for that matter).

Cher, TV’s Dazzling Superstar (1975)

71 pages, black and white, Beauty Secrets Inc.

The magazine has the nicest design of these 1970s collector’s magazines. It’s all black and white except for the 4 cover photos and the 4 high-quality pin-up photos in the middle. The magazine calls Cher “TV’s first sex symbol” but I don’t think that’s really true. There was Goldie Hawn and I Dream of Jeannie. Maybe Cher was the first non-blonde sex symbol on TV.

Cher in the 1960s:

The Chastity Birthday Party and the Album Cover from the same patio!

Sonny & Cher, A Family Again (1977)

75 pages, black and white, Ideal Publishing Corp.

The very title of this clearly shows America’s obsession with this couple and a kind of yearning that existed for a reunion after the divorce. One section is titled “They Changed America, America Changed Them.”

This magazine has good pics and a Beauty Book (more later on that) but it’s also full of errors and ads and has a tabloid-y feel.

Sonny & Cher in the 1960s:

Sonny & Cher in the 1970s:

Photos of Cher trying to needlepoint all the sad away:

The lookalike contest:

I wonder who won.

Cher in the kitchen:

The Beauty Book

Can’t wait to get to these!

Sonny & Cher Partying:

Cher Exposed (2000)

73 pages, color, AMI Specials

“Rock N Roll’s Dream Girl” Yeah she is. This issue reviews the Sonny & Cher years, her iconic outfits, albums, Gregg Allman, Cher’s favorite products, Chastity coming out, Cher lovers, her TV shows, tattoos, movies and a final breakout box of her quotes about Cher.

The most infuriating quote is from Peter Bogdanovich who in other interviews said Cher had NO talent. Here he says “Cher is one of the most talented women I’ve ever met. She’s got depth and emotion that haven’t even been touched.” Totally unreliable.

A better quote is from Robert Altman: “She has guts–if Cher says she’s going to do something, she will do it.”

Meryl Streep calls Cher “Very real. Very honest.”

Childhood:

Cher in the 1960s:

Cher in the 1970s with Gene Simmons:

These were the tabloid photos I kept seeing when I first became old enough to start tracking Cher-abouts in magazines. Always with Gene Simmons. Always with the stupid face hanky. In her memoir, Cher said it was hard for them to eat out with that thing. I mean the hanky, not Gene Simmons.

Cher in the 1980s:

Growing kids:

Cher charts and graphs:

These are great. They call her the Comeback Kid and this chart shows her early ups and downs.

Is this my childhood bedroom wall? No, it’s the album page (with a few mistakes).

A great graph of the real and dumb accusations for plastic surgery. It was a no-win argument for Cher and somewhere around here she stopped divulging her “improvements” including some tattoo removals.

The first magazine to highlight the dolls.

Cher (2018 and 2019)

Both 97 pages, color, Closer Weekly

The 2018 and 2019 contents pages:

The childhood sections are the same.

The “I Got You Babe” section is the same text with some different pictures. 2018 vs. 2019:

The “Beat Goes On” section is identical.

The sections for Sonny & Cher “at home” and the TV shows are the same text with different pictures. The 2018 TV section is longer.

One of my favorite photos from The Sonny & Cher Comedy Hour:

“The Men” sections are totally different pictures.

The music section is mostly the same but has different live pictures. 2018 vs. 2019:

The Motherhood sections are the same. The Movies section has different opening pictures but the rest is the same. The section on Cher’s mother Georgia is the same.

The Life After Sonny and Behind the Scenes sections have different pictures. 2018 vs. 2019:

The Bob Mackie, Fashion Forward and Drag Queen sections have different pics.

This 2018 opening Drag Queen picture, a shot from The Talk, is the better one. That was a great episode.

The section on the Classic Cher Las Vegas is the same. The Cher in her 70s sections are the same (and include a picture of Elijah’s wife.)

The Year of Cher section is new to the 2019 magazine and includes information about the movie Mama Mia II, the Dancing Queen album, the Kennedy Center Honors and the Broadway musical.

Instead of that, the 2018 edition has a spread of Cher’s iconic magazine covers.

The Memorabilia section is the same. The last page of Cher quotes are the same. But the back covers are different.

These magazines love to end on quotes. This from Cher: “Until you risk doing something foolish, you’ll never have the possibility of being great.”

Cher at 75 and Cher at 80 (2021 and 2026)

Both 97 pages, color, People Magazine

I re-read the 80th issue a few weeks ago and have some notes. On page 22 (both) there’s a picture of Georganne on that first London trip with Sonny & Cher and their managers, proving that Georganne is the one who can resolve the argument between the Sonny and Cher memoirs over whether Cher was thrilled or miserable on that trip.  The 80th issue does not correct the fake Tijuana marriage story and does not correctly state when Sonny & Cher started wearing hippie clothes when performing live. They should have, after Cher’s memoir. And has the hit “All I Ever Need Is You” in the wrong spot chronologically, stuffed with the 1960s S&C hits.

We talk all the time about seeing Cher’s belly button on TV but we don’t talk enough about how many times we saw Sonny’s belly button on TV.

On page 31, that iconic Sonny & Cher album cover photo is incorrectly given the date of 1975 instead of 1971. The magazine states that at their least popular, Sonny & Cher played to crowds as few as 45 people but in Cher’s memoir she had that number as low as 4 or 5 people.

The magazine talks about the Sonny & Cher Comedy Hour’s “thrust and parry repartee” which is a good way to describe their comedy. Cher is quoted as saying she learned from Sonny “a gut feeling.”

The Movies section has this sentence to introduce it: “Watch out, world, director Robert Altman warned in 1982.” (Yeah, he did.)

Robert Altman also predicted Cher would surprise audiences. Roger Ebert called her performance for Altman, “a revelation.” Her performance in Silkwood is called a “starkly unadorned performance.” The New York Times says “When you take away those wild wigs she wears on television…there’s an honest, complex screen presence underneath” (because yeah there is).

Of people’s preconceived ideas about her, Cher says, “People are so limited” (because yeah they are).

Of her performance in Tea With Mussolini The New York Times said Cher was “as likeable as ever, dispensing her blend of gawky true grit and zany regality.”

Of Cher in Mama Mia II according to Meryl Streep, “She steals the movie.” (She does.)

There’s a section on the Broadway show that reminds us that show won two Tonys and ran for 296 shows. Not exactly a long-running Broadway musical but one that is still playing in Europe and the U.S. (after years of delays, the magazine says).  One of the bad reviews called the show “dramatically threadbare” and is that a comment on her life? Because that makes no sense. Or just these jukebox musicals?

There’s a section called “Tour de Force” about her live shows and a funny story about a 30-thousand dollar laser butterfly that malfunctioned on the Take Me Home tour. (I hope she got a refund for that. No, she says, “we really ate it.”) They totally skip the D2K tour.

But they do cover her charity work, including her 1993 trip to Armenia in support of the United Armenian Fund and her support of animals, veterans, the people of Flint, Michigan and kids with craniofacial disorders. The 80 issue catches up with recent support of New York City’s City of Hope.

The music section talks about her “60-year genre-hopping recording career” on 34 albums which includes folk, power rock, new wave and disco and “a vocal style that remains unique despite many imitators.” (I just said that in a new music blog.) According to People, Time Magazine called Sonny & Cher “the first-family of folk rock.” The album section is shockingly accurate and includes a note of highlight for each album. According to a 1972 issue of Rolling Stone, a critic called the music on the album Foxy Lady, for example, “dynamite work.” (Because it is!)

Of her advancing age, People says “she can still rock black leather bodysuits” and describes her as regal yet fully human.

The 80th issue catches up with her Saturday Night Live appearance and Cherlato venture. Both issues have sections on her houses, her other boyfriends and husbands and her work with Bob Mackie.

Now the differences:

The 75th issue has a section on her children that the 80th has removed.

The 80th issue instead adds six pages to the first section, “Cher Through the Years,” with new material about Alexander, her mom and sister and her appearance with Chaz at the premiere of the movie Little Bites. There’s also catch up about her icon awards and a great photo of her singing and holding hands with Jennifer Hudson.

These sections are the same: Sonny and Cher, Cher Solo, Movies, Bob Mackie, Cher homes, the tours, the charities.

The music section, “The Beat Goes On,” is completely overhauled and the 80th issue includes the latest interviews and appearances. The album list catches up with the Christmas album and includes information about an app you can download to see evidence of Cher being candid in interviews.

The back covers are the same, but the final image is different.

So anyway, that is a tour of all the Collector’s Cher magazines I know about. These are some of my favorite pieces of Cher memorabilia. And again, how lucky to have a spread of them from 1975 to 2026! 50 Years! That puts Cher up there with stars like Katharine Hepburn, who until the day she passed, was also getting the full magazine treatment.

It’s a significant milestone, 80, just the number. But also all the more amazing because Cher continues to be a relevant cultural touchstone not only because of her stories about her past but because of her ability to break through career limitations that were once based on a women’s age or behavior.

This reminds me, recently I broke down and did my first on-camera interview as Cher Scholar for a French documentary on Cher. The whole process made me think about my four year old, five year old self. Could she have imagined that one day she would grow up to one day end up as a talking head on a documentary about Cher, alongside legit critics and biographers?

I think that four year old me would have said, “Of course, I will.”

But she would have been nuts is the thing.

I’m thrilled to still be a Cher fan, thrilled for all the other Cher fans out there, and thrilled that Cher has made it 80-spins around the sun.

Happy birthday, Cher.

Dax Shepard and Other Bric-a-Brac

So I’m a little behind. I had a thing. Or two. It was not a pleasant turn-over from 2025 to 2026. Trying to catchup is my therapy right now.

Armchair Expert

I want to start with the Dax Shepard controversy. While I was in Cleveland one morning in January, my sister-in-law asked me if I had heard what Cher said about Dax Shepard. And I answered Who is Dax Shepard? And then I looked him up and I remembered his face right away. I did not know he was the husband of Kristen Bell.

Dax Shepard is an actor who also has a podcast called Armchair Expert with Dax Shepard (and Monica Padman is the co-host). Four weeks ago they interviewed Cher. On the podcast Cher, now infamously, called Kristen Bell “definitely the better half” and said then said, “the truth is, I trust her. So you must have something that I don’t see.”

Cue the hysteria.

It came at the end of a very good interview, I have to say, one that asked some novel questions and went deeper into Cher’s recent memoir than most of the interviews in 2024. And kudos to Dax Shepard (and Monica Padman) for circling back with follow-up questions like a real conversation. I mean he read the book. And had feelings about it!! One of their good questions was trying to nail down with Cher whether Sonny was so restrictive with her for love or for money. No one before had the large stones to ask her that before. And Cher was tactful in the interview except for the question about Kristen Bell, who is one of her friends from the tumultuous filming of the flawed movie Burlesque.

And I think this contrived-seeming scandal detracts from the quality of the interview itself.

I say contrived because Dax Shepard himself brought up the fact that Cher had mentioned prior to this interview that she didn’t believe Shepard was a  good enough mate for Kristin Bell. So Shepard knew the answer before he asked the question and was never at any point offended about it. In fact he said mock-seriously that he even agreed with Cher’s assessment adding that no one was good enough for her. He challenged Cher to list someone she did think was good enough for her. Kristen Bell herself interjects at this point to instruct Cher that Shepard is being self-deprecating.

Is it, of course, a pure example of Cher pulling no punches. It’s also ironic because Cher, more than anyone else I can think of, has been in this position of defending her heart over and over again. Remember Sonny (a relationship that was impossible to explain to people) and Gregg Allman (“nobody understood it”) and all the younger boyfriends. She predictably sees things in men her family, fans and co-workers do not see. And that’s as it should be. We can’t all like the same people. Love is irrelevant to translation and transference. (“Love don’t make things nice” and all that.)

That Cher would put anyone on the defensive about their heart is very interesting.

But it all made me look more closely at Dax Shepard; and he struck me as charming. I woke up early one morning thinking about this whole thing and Shepard’s way of downgrading his stock, (as Bell advised Cher he was doing). At one point, he joked about what a terrible father he was. Bell kept trying to explain him to Cher, his sense of humor.

And all that seems to indicate he might be exhibiting what they call  gray rocking. Not a likely thing for an entertainer to do (they usually try to make themselves bigger) but not unheard of either. Folks today are calling it “reverse catfishing.” Back in the day we just called it self-deprecation. It is, in a nutshell, to undermine or undersell your value…on purpose.

Sometimes people seem like they’re underselling but they’re not. This is to set up an expectation they can come back and defend. Like the bad lover who says, “I’m no good, baby!” Oprah then quotes Maya Angelou to say, “They tell you who they are.” You just didn’t believe it. It’s the bad ones who often do this. The good ones sometimes do not tell you who they are and for a reason.

And that reason could be gray rocking (or reverse catfishing or whatever). It’s often initially a defense mechanism to deflect against unwanted attention from various situations or people, like narcissists, for example, or manipulators or too much affection coming at you that you can’t return or just waiting to see who’s willing to look a little closer (in order to weed out the unserious or unobservant or to confuse the constantly self-promoting).

There’s an Easter Egg effect about it (like those secret doors in video games or DVD home screens that lead to a secret entrance to a fabulous room).

And it can become, like in Dax Shepard’s case, a comedic trick.

I mean I guess. I don’t know Dax Shepard. Seeing him in person with all his real room vibes is a lot different than watching a podcast on YouTube. But he strikes me as a strategic underseller.

It’s a thing. There’s a club. Don’t ask me how I know.

The Cher Zines

The Cher Zines (1, 2 and 3) are back up for sale for digital download only on Etsy.

Cher Weddings

Cher and Alexander Edwards suffered wedding rumors at the end of last year and even some local network news shows picked it up. These never cease, boyfriend to boyfriend.

The Grammys

Cher was awarded a lifetime achievement award at this year’s Grammys along with Carlos Santana, Chaka Khan, Fela Kuti, Paul Simon and Whitney Houston. These were presented at an earlier ceremony on Saturday, 31 January 2026. Cher did not attend but her friend Loree Rodkin did and posted most of the Cher reel on Facebook.

Cher did show up at the Grammys main broadcast on Sunday, 1 February 2026, to give her acceptance speech and present the award for Record of the Year.

I haven’t seen the full show so I’m not sure about the context of her appearance. Was she the only lifetime achievement winner allowed this televised acceptance moment? Was it conditional to her presenting? She wasn’t billed as a presenter ahead of time so that kind of limits the value of her presenting (if that was the condition).

Entertainment Tonight posted her acceptance speech as a short on Facebook.

Apparently there was confusion and Cher said she was going to walk off. As she was walking off the host called her back to present the Record of the Year award.


But then she has trouble reading it probably due to dyslexia and who knows, maybe having the wrong eye-wear in (or out).

She announced Luther Vandross (because his name was on the card) as the winning song. Samples of his 1982 song If This World Were Mine” were part of the true winning song “Luther” by Kendrick Lamar and SZA. Cher corrected the mistake but…cue the hysteria.

See Entertainment Tonight’s YouTube title for the segment:

According to A.I. “the mix-up highlighted the deep connection between the late R&B legend and the winning track.”

See? Even A.I. is cutting Cher some f**king slack!

And A.I. wasn’t the only one, as the Entertainment Weekly roundup shows. SZA defends Cher to Entertainment Tonight later when they asked her if she knew what was happening. She said, “a legend was speaking. That’s what I understood.”

I find it very heartwarming how supportive the black community is even after Cher flubs.

More SZA defending Cher from:

Helen Mirren

Helen Mirren recently won the Cecil B. Demille award at the Golden Globes and in her acceptance speech she provided a list of “women that inspire me” which included Monica Vitii, Ana Manani, Jane Fonda, Bette Davis, Judy Garland and a list of women who can be recognized by just one name: Madonna, Barbra (Streisand I think), Cher, Sarah Jessica (Parker), Meryl (Streep), Kate  (Hepburn I presume), Cate (Blanchett probably) and her “ultimate Goddess” Viola (Davis).

That was nice.

Defining Cher

As I was reading Annie Zaleski’s 2025 Cher book I tracked down some of her sources for quotes I didn’t recognize. That led me to this Elle article from back in 2018, an interview with Cher about her new Broadway musical.

It had some good quotes and conceptualizations by Abbie Aquirre on Cher.

“Have you ever stopped to think about Cher? You are aware of her, of course, the way you are aware of the sun, with its blinding light, its rising and setting. But have you ever considered the totality of Cher—not just the celestial body herself, and not just the epic arc she has traveled, but the sheer range of stellar explosions she has undergone?”

She goes through all the Cher variants: the ones from Sonny & Cher Cher (pop star Cher and then TV star—the Cher, pulling in “30 million viewers” a week), along side the 1960s and 70s solo career Cher.

“Many more Chers followed,” she said, including Disco Cher, Roller-Skating Cher, Punk Cher and Rock ‘n’ Roll Cher. Then Best-Actress Cher working with the likes of Meryl Streep, Jack Nicholson and Nicolas Cage [not to mention the directors]. Then there was Battleship-Thong Cher, fashion icon Cher and much later Autotune Cher.

And this is what I mean when I describe Cher’s performance width as being vaudevillian versus a career of particular depth in one area. (Both are good, it’s just that vaudevillian types are more rare these days since the death of the variety show.)

When Aguirre talks about her feelings interviewing Cher she has an almost existential crisis, “Wait, Cher is also an actual human.” She describes Cher’s strong presence that is also “quiet, still calm, even delicate…open and listening, and thus exposed. If in her work she is an output, in person she is on input. Powerful but not overpowering.”

She says, “Nicolas Cage gets at this quality when I ask him to describe her acting talent. ‘Cher is a person with a huge heart, and that really comes through not only in her music but as a screen performer. She has an extraordinary blend of strength and vulnerability on-camera,’ he says.”

She quotes young Broadway Cher actress, Micaela Diamond, to say about Cher, “To be so vulnerable and yet have the most power in the room, that’s a really hard place to stand in.”

Aguirre decides Cher is “both otherworldly and relatable.”

She quotes Meryl Streep admiring Cher’s “deep, velvet, mature [singing] voice” and to say that Cher’s crooked teeth “made her even more perfect.”

Meryl Streep is one of the few great actresses to defend Cher’s television work: “She made everybody else on TV look like they were trying too hard, pushing. She was so immediate, free, and she was canny about landing the jokes. Skilled, but it was invisible.”

Aguirre covers the trials of Sonny and confirms what Cher says: “Cher walked away with nothing.” And explains how it was worse than nothing.

I wonder if that’s why Cher wore shredded pants at the Grammys Sunday night, to symbolize her eras of poverty. (I kid.) But honestly, I bet the cost of her outfit could pay for my roof that is being replaced right now over my head as we speak.

Yes, literally (and figuratively) my roof is falling down, but at least Cher is still giving me some bits of diversion.

Memoir vs. Memoir Part 3: the 1970s

I just need to say this again: if you had told me when I was six or seven or eight years old that one day I’d be reading Sonny’s memoir alongside Cher’s memoir, each discussing their days as Sonny & Cher, I would have fainted across my Raggedy Ann bedspread. It was inconceivable to me that such an amazing thing would happen someday in this world. That’s how much I loved Sonny & Cher.

I now think either Cher eventually read Sonny’s book or one of her ghostwriters did because their opinions, even minor ones, seem so point-to-point.  And why would they not read everything, just for research. I guess it could be an amazing coincidence, like Sonny’s image of Sonny and Cher connected to the same umbilical cord.

Anyway I’ll try not to replicate Cher’s book here because you should go out and buy it. The paperback is out now with an additional story. But let’s continue…

If you want to go back:

The Nightclubs

So Sonny admits it was Joe DeCarlo’s idea to try out nightclubs. This is big. Cher and the world usually give that idea to Sonny. Sonny calls the period a “bumpy road personally.” Cher says they actually got back on track as a family during this period. And Cher calls it Supper Theater. The Supper Club circuit. Places like the Flamingo in Las Vegas and the circuit of hotel and casino dinner theaters.

Cher remembers she was “relieved to be working” and they traveled with Chas in a wicker crib and their nanny Heidi, “the sweetest woman in the world.” Chastity’s first two years were on the road and her first milestones all in motels and hotels. Cher says Chas was our early entertainment and “such a gift.” The band and hotel staff held her all the time and her “feet never touched the ground. Cher says, “she was the sole focus of our long road back to who we once were. “ Even though they had no money or house and had hotplate meals, the three of them hung out together and “no matter the circumstances, Sonny could always make me laugh.” Cher is unequivocable: “struggling again helped revitalize our relationship…being poor narrowed our focus—how to best spend our time, made us feel three of us against the world.” (This is the “backs against the wall” era.) Cher says Sonny was a big kid, very creative, and she could happily watch him play with Chas for hours.

“Our world consisted of the three of us.” This sounds very happy but Sonny portrays it all unhappy and remembered only the struggle.

He says, they “struggled to find chemistry off stage” and he says he took some of the act’s barbs personally. He does start to worry he is being too bossy and that he lives too much in fantasy land. He admits he was “obsessed” with Cher’s “steamy love scene” with Steve Whitaker in the Chastity movie. He worried that his jealousy meant they didn’t “get it on film.”

Later in the book Sonny will claim that Cher’s unhappiness came out of left field. But here he acknowledges their fights over the busy schedule he arranged and he admits they “worked their asses off” in the summer of 1970 and that may have “cost us our relationship.” He mentions making the Dick Van Dyke TV special (he doesn’t mention its name, The First Nine Months Are the Hardest) and how it was hard to be on the road again and playing two shows a night. “We were up and down on planes…packing and unpacking…walking through smelly kitchens late at night…not connecting well.” He says Cher saw it as “a treadmill going nowhere.” He also says, “our enthusiasm for life was too low to pick up” and “you feel miserable.”

Cher does say ”every night was like a war” but she’s talking about with the audience.

Only Cher mentions the Love American Style appearance in January of 1971. Cher talks about how kind Sonny was during her panic attacks and his “odd” experiments like having her sing Puccini’s “Un bel dì, vedremo” from Madame Butterfly.

Cher explains how the new act developed from drunks in crowds and how she started talking to the band and making them laugh. She didn’t get the side eye from Sonny because it was working and at least they were entertaining each other. Cher calls it “always hit or miss” and that very “slowly we developed a [20 minute] act people would line up to see.” She notes it was “not our singing. “They wanted to hear our jokes.” Cher talks about her heritage of wiseassery. But that “never in a gazillion years did I imagine that I’d become a standup comedian.” Cher explains the type of jokes they told: about Sonny’s mother, his height, his singing, his hopes of becoming a sex symbol, her nose, her body type. Cher says it was accidental and “We got excited again.” They both tell some of the jokes they did.  Cher says, “Timing was everything” and she could “make Sonny laugh so much he couldn’t sputter out his lines.”

Sonny’s version: “We gradually developed a humorous and fairly sophisticated repartee.”

Cher again says their stage personas were the opposite of their off-stage relationship. Cher tells a story of trying to confide unhappiness in Sonny and his explosion and threat to divorce her.

Cher does talk about the discomfort of it, how that “felt horrible.” They would be in motels across the street from venues and casinos. Train whistles would keep them up at night. Bad plumbing. Mildew on the walls. Paper thin walls. Sonny would make them hot-plate pasta for the family and the band because they couldn’t afford restaurants. Cher admits sometimes “I wanted to curl up and die.”  Cher says they’d take the service elevator and then navigate their way through the busy kitchen trying not to slip on any grease or wok into a waiter flying past carrying five plates and standing by the swinging doors and trying to keep out of the way, listening for their cue. Then walk out smiling.

She says her sister was  traveling with them, too.

Sonny admits that although they were feuding, they were also other’s best friends. He says there are talks of a TV show but nothing came of it. Cher talks about the Century Plaza comedian night and working on The Nitty Gritty Hour special, which she says felt formulaic and nothing came of it.

Sonny’s August 26 1970 diary entry admitted Cher was complaining that he was pushing too hard. He says that during weeks in New Orleans they barely spoke unless they were fighting. (Later he will say he had no idea she felt this way.)

Cher says, “I felt permanently tired.”

Sonny says they would dress up to play to 12 people, where they used to play for tens of thousands. He says they were “not concerned with putting on a good show” but “how can I get out of this situation?”

Cher says it’s a “thousand times harder to come back than become, almost impossible.” And she concurs that they were used to 30 thousand screaming fans and were lucky now if they had more than 100. One of the midnight shows at the Elmwood there was only 4 people. Some “real dives.” They were used to kids who “knew every word of our songs” and now played “to people who didn’t know us,” people who were coming for dinner and drinks, not to see a show.

At this time Sonny said he felt Cher’s “admiration for him was zip” and that he was worried about the survival of Sonny & Cher but she was only worried about her own survival.  It’s in the middle of this, (not at the massive tax debt episode where Cher puts it) that Sonny says he asked Cher for 3 years (not 2) to get them back on top.

They both agreed they communicated better in Sonny’s diary.

He shares his September 11 diary entry (paperback, 1812) which has similar verbiage to the one Cher mentions in her memoir (hardback, 207) , the one that talks about Cher being “my stability, my generator. I need you to believe in me Cher” and Cher responds: “I am you. That’s scary to me. Even if you left me, you couldn’t rid your body of me. I can’t believe I’m saying this out loud.” Maybe these are two different entries they’re talking about. They don’t read the same in each book. This also wasn’t one of the ones Mary Bono republished in People Magazine.

But in hindsight Cher felt she did believe in Sonny because “Sonny believed in us…he kept pushing,” getting them TV appearances and shows.

Sonny says they were “popping” and “generating heat” and selling out shows and “drawing” in Las Vegas, where they shared a bill with David Brenner and Frankie Avalon. They didn’t even have a hit record, Sonny marvels. He says the true benchmark of their worth was “how hotels received us.”

Both end chapters before they start to talk about their new TV show, The Sonny & Cher Comedy Hour.

The First TV Show & Records

Sonny says TV executive Fred Silverman, a “genius programmer at CBS Television” saw them at the Waldorf Astoria.

Cher says it was around 2 years to the day that Fred Silverman saw their performance at The Royal Box Supper Club in the Americana hotel. Cher says by this time their act was “razor sharp.” Then they were sub-hosts on the Merv Griffin Show.

Sonny says, “Silverman arranged for us to serve as guests on the Merv Griffin show and they went over big. Silverman sent a congratulatory letter.”

Cher says Silverman wanted younger viewers. He sent producers Bearde and Bly to the Fairmont Hotel where they saw some raw talent and all hit it off. On their way back to LA on the plane, they sketched out the show. I remember Bearde and Bly saying the same thing on some Cher documentary, maybe Behind the Music.

In the meantime, Sonny says, a friend from his record promo days, Johnny Musso, signed Cher to Kapp Records and Sonny says, “he was taking a risk.” Musso “didn’t want me to produce.” This is the second time Sonny is asked not to be producer. “He wanted to use Snuff Garrett. I was bored by the studio and Snuff was a friend back to Liberty Records.”

Because of the TV schedule, Cher says, they had one week to finish this first record. Cher “loved Snuffy” because he was funny and great at his job, a “get it done” kind of guy. Sonny was busy with other things, Cher says, like arranging the tours.

Silverman arranged for a replacement series of 7 shows, Sonny says, and their ratings were good.

Cher calls it a summer of 6 shows and their show led into the miniseries about six wives of Henry VIII, every night a different wife. Fact check: there were 6.

Then in September the single “Gypsies, Tramps & Thieves” was released and 7 weeks later it hit #1. Sonny counts every chart position and he gets them right. Cher tends to get them wrong. Cher talks about the cover, the accent on her name, how it was her first top ten solo (“Bang Bang” went to #2 and “You’d Better Sit Down Kids” to #9). The album went gold and the song was nominated for a Grammy. She was working so hard she doesn’t remember how it felt. She only remembers being on the road, country fairgrounds and “huge crowds for us” but also being exhausted.

Sonny is frustrated with this. “Cher was sleeping” he says disparagingly at ever milestone of good fortune. He feels he is the only one enjoying it. Then he fires Joe DeCarlo because he’s taking 20% (the combined 10% each that 1960s managers Stone and Greene were getting). Besides, he has his road manager Denis Prognolato who he says was doing all the work anyway.

Remember Denis was the spy in tennis-lesson-gate, friend to Sonny. Not so much to Cher.

Cher says around this time Sonny changed. He hires lawyer Irwin Spiegel and is always in meetings with him smoking cigars.

The album Sonny & Cher Live comes out and goes to #35.

The “All I Ever Need Is You” single goes to #7 and the album to #14. The single “When You Say Love” goes to #32. This is all Sonny recounting.

But we could have used more of Sonny’s view about his own songs here, just like with “I Got You Babe” and “The Beat Goes On.”  He had three songs on All I Ever Need Is You. He says nothing about “A Cowboys’ Work is Never Done” except that it was a top 10 song in April of 1972 (#8).

Things are going good, Sonny says. The Comedy Hour got a greenlight. Their Vegas shows are sold out with “traffic backed up nightly.” But he feels deflated when Cher says she “wished they were really big, like the Rolling Stones or Dylan.” They are selling seats for $500. He says he feels invalidated and Cher is always the victim. (Which is neck-breaking projection in one paragraph). He thinks Cher is tired of S&C and hates sharing the spotlight. Cast and crew of the variety show, including Bob Mackie, the producers, the first hairdresser, just don’t back this up. There is the famous story about how Sonny would say “jump” and Cher would say “how high,” plus the fact that he said himself Cher had anxiety and hated performing without him, and in the 1970s would prefer to perform through him.

Sonny sees they are drifting apart. He wants you to know he sees and yet he also reserves the right to be completely taken by surprise later.  He feels they are still connected, intwined, “still drew life from the same umbilical chord and to think of severing ties seemed suicidal.” (Which shows he was thinking about it.)

Cher agrees and says they had a strange relationship as husband and wife, best friends, parents, partners and strangers.

Sonny says they went “from hasbeens to hot stuff “ and that he reinvested most of “our salary” into show, which had a 35k weekly budget. Which he said was “peanuts in prime time.” How’d they afford The Big House then? Because they were broke at the start of this decade. Sonny talks about their nose jobs and Cher’s breast reshaping and the infected scars that resulted.

The both agree they loved their televisions show. Sonny says, “the show was a blast to do. Even on our bad days we had fun.” He says Cher had her dream gowns of Bob Mackie.

In Cher’s version she had to fight for Bob Mackie. Ret Turner was already assigned to the show. She got Mackie to intervene and persevere. Cher became friends with both men. Cher says the small budget gave the show a family dynamic in the beginning.

Her first favorite dress was the red one with the open stomach, but that she loved the beautiful beaded shimmery gowns, which later came to cost 5k per dress. Cher says she was a size 6 at 108 pounds and her body type had come into vogue. (We could argue she helped it get there with her TV show.) Cher talks about John Wilson, the set, their coordinated outfits, how they both walked on stage with interlocking fingers, and her feeling “this is what I’m supposed to do.”

Cher has much more room to talk about the details of the show, what they did on which days, who the guest stars were, the role of Chastity, the innuendos and the lack of censorship, about the audience feedback. She said she could look back at the script Sonny wrote (“virtually by himself”) for Good Times and suddenly see it was “way ahead of its time.”  She talks about the first taping, the issues with her skin and hair.

Cher said Silverman was like a father figure. She talked about the difference between their written lines and their improvisations, how Sonny didn’t memorize anything and relied on cue cards, whereas she would memorize the scripts “on first sight.” She said she “let him flounder,” go along and then get him with a one-liner. She said the show was set up for Sonny to be the straight man. And they encouraged him to be silly. “He knew I had his back,” Cher says. She felt they were more equals on the show. “Sonny learned his own style of comedy and was hilarious. People loved him.” Cher says when they went to work, they got along. “I don’t remember a single show when we were angry with each other.”

Sonny says they had “top-notch writers” but he doesn’t mention any names of the cast or crew. He says Cher still had stage freight and worked to the cameras and through characters. But it gelled, was “hip and kooky.” Sonny talks about his “Fair Cher” poems and Cher’s impeccable timing” but he says now Cher is “impossible to read.”

Cher says they had a great crew and the producers did a great job. She says the reviews improved and they were renewed for 13 more shows. Critics said they were “endearingly mismatched” and they liked the screw ups and ad libs and the married-people affection like Sonny brushing hair from Cher’s face. Cher talks about director Art Fisher’s pioneering chroma key/blue screen, her iconic Vamp and Laundromat skits. She mentions Ted Zeigler, Freeman King, Peter Cullen, Murray Langston and Steve Martin “who went out tour with us after shows.” She talks about singing the old songs. She says she needed Sonny for those solos and couldn’t have done them without him. (This doesn’t sound like a woman who had been trying to distance herself from him.)

Cher says they were a Monday night institution and a top 10 hit with millions of viewers at a time. Market research found  Sonny loveable and Cher beautiful with her array of clothes. Cher then talks about recovering on weekends with Chas. After a show wrap, she would “go home, go look at the baby, wash face, brush teeth, watch TV, go to sleep.”

She remembers their days at their house at Oxnard Beach which were “some of our happiest days.”

Sonny agrees that at that time they felt like “a cozy family unit.”

Cher talks about being TV famous and how work was a safe zone, that they never fought on the set. [Charo tells a story of overhearing fights on the set and there were those Battling Bonos rumors.]

The Big House

Architectural Digest reported in 2019 the house was on sale for $115 million. More history (considering the short time they lived there, all tenants considered, it’s interesting that the house is still referred to as the Sonny & Cher house/estate) and updates through the years.

They were living in the 34-room mansion known as the St. Cloud house and it was 8 weeks into season 1 of their show and Tony Curtis, ever the opportunist Sonny says, sold them another house known as The Big House, now known as Owlwood or sometimes Carolwood Estate. Curtis said to Sonny, “You’re stars. You should reside in heaven!” The house was $750,000. Both houses seemed like a trophy, Sonny says, and that the Big House was 54 rooms and 30,000 sq ft. [Wikipedia says the house is 12,000 sq ft.]

Sonny says the purchase was a grave mistake and there were lots of misfortunes associated with the house and it was too big for a tiny family. He said the house had cold, bad vibes and was only good for hiding troubles. You wonder then why he later wanted to fight for it. He says Cher furnished it in three days.

Cher says “I don’t think anyone ever sat in the living room.”

Cher admits she broke down in tears asking Sonny if they could buy it. Cher says she rarely cried or asked for anything.” She says, Sonny wanted the house too because it was “a gargantuan symbol of our comeback,” their “castle on the hill” and that it would change things. Cher admits she had the house decorated with antiques from Europe. She says, “it was stunning” and she lists the outdoor buildings and describes Chas’ bedroom, although notes that Chas preferred the tack house to her bedroom (famously depicted on Sonny & Cher’s last duet album). The kitchen was her least favorite, Cher said and that the paneled library was her favorite space and one of the smallest. Cher correctly notes the 12, 200 sq ft of the house with 9 bedrooms, 10 baths. Sonny never wanted to throw parties, she said, except for Thanksgiving, Christmas and Chas’ birthday.  Sonny stopped her friends like Joey from coming over.

Busyness & Las Vegas

Cher says Sonny was “turning into one of ‘the suits.'” He wasn’t happy being an entertainer but wanted to be a mogul. She missed the old pasta-making Sonny with Chas on his hip. Now he just spent hours in meeting with lawyers. Cher talks about “The Benevolent Army of El Primo,” the jackets, all which was kind of a joke but kind of not a joke. Cher feels herself disconnecting, shutting down in fights. The CBS family “kept me going” she says but she longed to have own opinions and make friends. She felt closed in. They had no dinners out, no concerts, no movies. Their relationship was all work. Outside of that she had shopping and Chas.

Sonny feels Cher is ungrateful. Cher says Sonny was on a mission never to be poor again.

Sonny acknowledges it was a hectic calendar. “If there was a break in the TV show, I booked out of town concerts…That’s where the big money was.” He said they made 50-60k on a good night. They made 4 million that way, he says and that “Cher’s complaints were a broken record.” [But during the breakup story below, he will act dumbfounded.]

Cher’s defense: “Work was hard on me” and she said she had a more demanding TV show schedule than Sonny did. Sonny also wanted them to be recording new [solo and duet] music and doing shows on the road. “We have to make the most of this second chance…this is our time,” Cher remembers Sonny saying.  Everything became “a big blur,” all the TV work, fittings, photoshoots, interviews, tours, recordings, being a mom. She said they did 50 shows that year and Sonny arranged it so they would have to tape 2 shows a week sometimes, film two shows in 3 days show so they could spend 9 days on the road. It saved the producers money but Cher felt she had no time to catch a breath and it was double work for everyone on the show. She said they did that about once a month. She quotes producer George Schlatter as saying, “If Sonny & Cher were driving into Hollywood from the valley, Sonny would take a gig on Mulholland to break up the trip.”

Sonny says he was “building our savings” and he understood that “she hated the grind” and how she never could play in Vegas without getting sick, which Sonny took as “an excuse to cut the run short.” Sonny loved Vegas. “We were huge there…broke house records.” Sonny loved the “Disneyland for adults” aspect, what he called “the dark artificiality” of it. He admits Cher hated “everything about it” and that she hid in hotel room with room service and the TV. He pictured her as reclusive as Hugh Hefner, which is a tragic misreading of a person desperate to go out and have some fun for a change, just not in anyway like the way Sonny wanted to have fun.

Sonny went to see Elvis with Denis. He’d never seen Elvis but they often played Vegas at the same time. Sonny was fascinated by his power over an audience. It’s interesting to compare how Sonny and Cher each describe seeing Elvis perform. They are both mesmerized by it.

Elvis invited Sonny and Denis backstage “I’d never seen anyone like Elvis,” whom Sonny said had the charisma to transform a mediocre show. Sonny said Elvis “didn’t give a shit” and like Cher he would probably rather trade handshakes for money than perform. Sonny doesn’t mention this but like Elvis, Cher would also become a mesmerizing and hypnotic personality.

Sonny is actually great at explaining Elvis in his book, though. He said Elvis told him he liked the S&Cs version of “What Now My Love [Sonny mis punctuates the title] and that he listened to it before recording his own version (which sounds more like the original French version to me).

Sonny said he and Cher had a private plane and would be mobbed at airports, and that they had packed shows. But that Cher was “absorbed in needlepoint” on plains and in dressing rooms and always looking bored and disinterested.

Cher says she needlepointed herself half to death from the stress.

Sonny says romance became a commodity. Both agree they were suppressing their relationship troubles.

Cher felt alienated, not allowed to have friends over or “fraternize with the band.” By this time her sister was busy working as an actress. Cher tells about the Tupperware story and this is one of the final straws.

The Breakup Story

Sonny begins his breakup chapter with two diary entries that look back on the implosion, his November 4, 1972, entry where “Everything has exploded. Chastity doesn’t know mom and dad are on the ropes.” He says he’s been so worried about their careers, he’s never worried about their relationship.  [Sonny, even your own diary begs to differ].

Then a few days later on November 11, “Cher wants to run like a racehorse but she can’t find a track. I used to be the jokey. She shoved the saddle up my ass.”

[This is a terrible analogy because it kind of proves Cher’s point. She’s not a horse. WTH.] He says Cher was “admittedly miserable.” He talks about the worst time in his life, when he was married to Donna and lost his job before Christmas and then his car broke down.

They both take time to tell this story.

Sonny introduces the day by talking about Cher being antsy and unhappy (for no reason he can understand).

Cher introduces her version by talking about her breakup catalyst, not Bill Hamm (Sonny never obscures his name), but her soon-to-be best friend, Paulette, who was a 21-year-old worldly Armenian, sophisticated and dating their road manager, Jerry Ridgeway. They’ve been best friends for over 50 years now, Cher says. And Cher was initially allowed this friend because for some reason “Sonny never saw her as a threat.” [And he never acknowledges Paulette’s role in their breakup in his own memoirs.] Cher enjoyed listening to Paulette’s life stories. They each wanted the other’s life. By that time Cher says she wasn’t eating or sleeping. (In Forever Fit Cher Cher says she was suicidal and down to 94 pounds, only eating a few bites of egg a day.) Cher says she feels the TV show changed Sonny completely but that she still loved him. “He didn’t notice me anymore” because he was trying to be a mogul. This is a consistent Cher story in interviews (from at least Believe-era on). Cher felt she couldn’t trust him anymore and she was needlepointing herself “to death.” She is candid that she had no desire to have more kids with Sonny although she admitted he was a great dad and that he and Chaz had a special relationship that “didn’t include me.” Chas was El Primo, Jr.

Cher says that they had back-to-back shows in Reno and Las Vegas. At the Sahara they had two shows a night in the Congo Room. She was feeling trapped. Paulette was starting to help her as a gofer and a dresser. After shows, Paulette would hang out with the band smoking pot, drinking beer, playing guitars. Cher was envious of her stories.

Cher says she was exhausted and asked Sonny for a vacation to Europe and he rolled his eyes. He called her selfish. Cher says she was crazy with loneliness and had been sitting on the balcony rails of hotel rooms ready to jump “five or six times” (!!!) But “one morning everything changed.” Between shows that day she figured she could just leave Sonny. Paulette was oblivious to Cher’s condition and told her about Bill Hamm’s crush on her. There’s a story with the Etch-a-Sketch and the song “Superstar.”

Sonny says It was a Saturday night. “Cher and I were breaking attendance records while ignoring our personal differences.” Between shows, Sonny remembers that he, Cher, Denis and our guitarist Bill Hamm went over to the Hilton to see Tina Turner. They then went back to Flamingo and did their late show and received three standing ovations. David Brenner was their opening act and jokes about “the dough we were making” and “our opulent suite.”

Cher says it was The Righteous Brothers that the band wanted to see at the Hilton Hotel and that Cher went with Paulette and Ridgeway. Not Sonny. Everyone acted like she was crazy for doing something without Sonny. She sat next to Bill and he put his hand on her knee. (I can’t wait for this movie.)

In Cher’s version, she returned from the Righteous Brothers and had to ignore Sonny’s fury. She left for her dressing room, ignoring him. After the show she told Paulette she wanted to hang out with the band and they hung out in Jeff Porcaro’s room. None of this is in Sonny’s book. Cher said the band was “nervous as hell.” Bill and Cher left to go look for cigarettes. They ran into David Brenner. Cher says David and Brenner were close and Brenner was nervous about seeing Cher out and about without Sonny, too. Bill asks Cher how she can live this way. Some kissing happens. They go back into the room. Sonny calls pissed. Cher says she’s just hanging with the guys. “You could have heard a pin drop in the room,” Cher says. Cher says she told Sonny on the phone that she was bringing Bill up to their room.

Sonny says they were exhausted after the second show and there was strained conversation at the elevator. On the road, Sonny says, they had a truce to engage in “shallow chitchat” because they were “forced to share close quarters.” (How does he not see a train wreck coming?) Anyway, Sonny says he is looking forward to sleep. [This must be one of the nights he wasn’t out with other women.] Cher shot me a pained look. “Bill Hamm is coming up,” Sonny remembers Cher saying. He figured they were working on songs together. [How was that allowed? Working on music without Sonny?] When they get to the hotel room, Sonny has Cher saying, “I’m in love with Bill Hamm. I want you to leave.”

Says says he wanted to talk about it. “Let’s talk, okay.” Sonny says he “never suspected” was “shocked” and felt “flat-footed.” He admits he thought of killing Bill Hamm or hitting him. Sonny says when Bill came in to the room, he was oblivious but soon figured it out. (Sonny is always more sympathetic to Cher’s boyfriends and husbands than he was to Cher somehow.) He said Cher had a “fearless nerve.”

Cher says the nerve was all Bill Hamm’s who must have had “balls the size of something huge.” (That’s how much everyone was afraid of Sonny.) Cher doesn’t have Sonny asking to talk about anything. She has him in a chair staring her down and she remembers shocking herself by saying she wants to sleep with Bill in their room. She says she didn’t mean it but it seemed like an expeditious was to escape The Sonny. Cher says Sonny returned silence (not a plea for dialogue) and that he asked her “how long to you think you’ll need?” Cher said two hours and not another word was spoken and Sonny left the room.

According to Sonny, he fantasized about breaking whiskey bottles over their heads or perhaps destroying the suite (which would have been a real rock star move for him). But he just left, felling defeated, like a “zombie.”

Cher acknowledges that she had put Hamm in jeopardy. She said they just spent the night talking. Cher appreciated his friendship and sympathy and she cried on his shoulder.

Sonny says he went to play Blackjack (which is kind of odd) and that Bill’s girlfriend tapped him on the shoulder looking for Bill. Sonny says he told her what was going on. Sonny said, “let’s go to your room” and “she did not hesitate.” Wow. They had retribution sex which was unsatisfying. Sonny says, because they “bumped into each other with the enthusiasm of two people who had just been mugged.” (Very good metaphor though.)

Sonny says Bill returned in the morning. Sonny and the unnamed “girl” where still together in bed. “He brushed by me as if I was not there.” When Sonny returned to the opulent S&C suite, it was 5 am and Cher was asleep in bed. Sonny says he took off his wedding ring (and you wonder if he had it on all those times he was cheating on Cher) and had a “disturbed” sleep next to Cher.

In Cher’s version, Sonny returns at 5 am. They agree on this.

But Sonny says he wanted to talk to Cher when they both woke up and he remembers telling her it wasn’t too late to change things. Cher asked him what he did last night and he said “I screwed Bill’s girlfriend.” And Cher said, “that’s funny, we didn’t even go to bed together.” Sonny said he wanted to ring her neck. (You have to admit, he was easily played into that situation. In his own version of it, anyway.)

Sonny says they then talked the entire day about everything, how the love was gone and he says Cher was “calm and casual.” Sonny says he tried talking to her because he says he knew she didn’t love Bill Hamm. “He was a pawn in her game,” the last “straw to break my back…he was her way out of Sonny & Cher.”

This is all very strident projection because there is no outside collaboration and Cher denies ever wanting to “escape Sonny & Cher,” although she did want to escape the schedule and the loneliness.

Sonny admits he was “also stark, raving mad…the closest I’ve come to real craziness.”

According to Cher there was no conversation. He treated her very coldly when he came back and by then she knew he didn’t love her anymore. She says while she was half asleep Sonny pulled off her wedding ring. (which is very creepy). She says she woke up in the afternoon and Sonny was gone and she knew there was no way she could perform that night. It was then, Cher says, that Sonny sent Chas and their nanny back to L.A., “another of his unilateral decisions.”

Sonny says Cher insisted on her love for Bill during that day-long conversation. Their next showtime was approaching. Sonny says he asked Cher to have Bill come up and they all talked in the dressing room but the “discussion was a futile waste of breath.” Sonny admitted he couldn’t perform until there was resolution to the drama. Their manager had been calling them all day on the phone and leaving notes under their hotel door. At 4 pm, they cancelled the remaining shows that night and for the rest of the run. Unfortunately no one told their opening act, David Brenner, Sonny says, and so he showed up for his cue   at 8 pm.

[It was due to the cancellations that rumors started in the press about Sonny having assaulted Cher. See the Rolling Stone interview of 1973.]

Sonny says, “Denis went off to kill Bill.” (I should watch that movie.)

Sonny says Denis spoke to Cher, saying she wanted to leave town. Dennis agreed it was a good idea. They feared CBS would hear the news. Cher wanted to go to San Francisco with Bill. “Dennis made the arrangements.” He also hired a P.I. to follow her but the P.I. lost Cher at the San Francisco airport.

Sonny says he booked Chas and the Nanny on a plane to L.A. (making it sound like he did that after Cher left town). Sonny says he was “too numb” to function and when he got back to L.A. he stayed in bed depressed for two weeks and got down to 130 pounds.

According to Cher, her exit day happened differently. That day she went walking on the strip alone, but she was sent back into the hotel by autograph seekers. She found Sonny sulking in his dressing room. She asked him for $500 in cash. He gave her the money without saying anything except that America would hate her for breaking them up.

Cher says she left for Paulette and Jerry’s room as a safe hideout. Bill was there getting ready to leave for Texas. It is here, Cher says, when she found out Sonny slept with Bill’s girlfriend in revenge the night before, not from a conversation with Sonny earlier that morning. Cher asked Bill to go to San Francisco with her instead of back to Texas. All she could think of was going to Sausalito. Cher says nothing about Denis Pregnolato arranging anything with Sonny’s blessing. And it’s doubtful she would trust Denis (after Tennis-Lesson-gate). According to Cher is was Jerry Ridgeway who loaned Cher his rental car and he was worried about it, afraid of losing his job. Hamm and Cher then took separate cars from the San Francisco airport but got lost in that fog. Cher knew the P.I. was behind them and they got lost too, she says. They all ended up back at the airport hotel.

But then Sonny says Cher called Denis a day after they left saying she wanted to come home but that she feared Sonny’s reaction. Cher came back to their bedroom but Sonny says they were “strangers, zombies, enemies.” Luckily, Sonny says, they had 54 rooms to spread out in.

In Cher’s version, she says Denis found them at the San Francisco hotel and called to threaten them, saying it would be “really bad for Bill if you don’t come home.”

Cher says within a week they were back filming the TV show. She confirms Sonny looked bad when she arrived home, exhausted. She said he had the demeanor of being beaten and looked gaunt. But immediately she was pulled into a meeting with Irwin, the lawyer, about breaches of contracts and costings of millions.

Sonny says this all happened right before taping the 1972 Christmas show. And that the producers knew but they kept it a secret. At the end of November, Sonny says he went traveling for two weeks to clear his head. He went to France, England, Nassau and Miami but he had no fun. (If only he had only consented to this trip with Cher when she pleaded for it, maybe none of this would have happened.)

In his December 1972 diary, Sonny talks about how they look like a “warm and loving” couple but the situation “felt cold and hateful.” Sonny admits that his next conversations with Cher were about keeping the business together (and that begs the question of why she would agree to that if she was trying to get out of the act). He says he did most of the talking “in a familiar repetition” of past conversations. (So how did he ever know how she felt about anything ever?) He says Cher agreed they were in a “lucrative business” and they agreed to have separate personal lives.

(So either Cher wanted out of the act or she didn’t. It doesn’t sound like she did. She was willing to keep it going.)

A later Sonny diary entry talks about how neither Cher nor Sonny had any kind of family life and that Cher used to worry about that, according to Sonny. “I would tell her we would build our own. Now again I have no family.” Sonny does seem to feel victimized but likes to attribute that to Cher. But it is a sad diary entry, nonetheless. Sonny’s diary gets a bit  melodramatic (understandably): “She’s not mine anymore. Nothing has any meaning.”

Sonny claims Cher was a changed person (too) but that he wouldn’t trade those ten years because “they were the best of my life.” (I do feel Sonny is being honest here but that he has serious blind spots in hindsight.)

Sonny says they each moved into one half of The Big House. Sonny claims they did the same thing “with our money, our daughter and everything else.” (Except, stay tuned, they never did divide the money.)  And, he says, they attempted to separate without disaster. He understands by then that Cher wants freedom. “I thought I was teaching; she thought I was intimidating.” [But then so did the whole band think he was intimidating.]

Cher says she had no money and never did receive her share. Leaving Sonny was losing all the money. (That alone makes you believe she would have stayed if she could). Cher says she was given $5,000 a month (no chump change) while they were separated and a rented condo in Malibu near Moonshadows where she spent a lot of time sleeping. Bill Hamm came to visit there (and you get the sense that here is where she learned what a good relationship could be like) but they weren’t allowed to go out to dinner or to movies and she was never allowed to be seen in the company of other men in public. Sonny had no such stipulations it would seem.

After the Breakup

By the summer of 1973 Sonny says he was no longer trying to get back together with Cher. (Which is a strange thing to say but Cher has reported in the past that there was a period when he was doing that, trying to get back together.)

It seems like pretty soon he moved their secretary, Connie Foreman, into the Sonny wing of the Big House. Sonny mentions Cher didn’t seem upset by this. Sonny calls Connie a former cigarette girl at Pips (that club where Lucille Ball would show up and they would all play backgammon) and I’m reminded here of his violently slapping the cigarette tray into the face of the cigarette girl in their movie Good Times.

Cher says Connie was their assistant and agrees with Sonny. She liked Connie and says Connie would get tired of Sonny’s rules and come over to hang out in Cher’s wing to listen to music and smoke cigarettes.

Cher says she became friends with Sonny again, that they could enjoy each other again. Sonny tells her he thought about throwing her off the balcony back in Vegas and says he would have pleaded insanity. Then getting a book deal and TV show from it. (Yikes!) Cher said living with him made her want to jump off the balcony. They laughed.

Sonny says friendliness on his part was an act “deserving an Academy Award.” Ouch. At home, he says they were two strangers. Sonny says he still saw Bill as her pawn. He thinks the same, he says, about future boyfriends Robert Camilletti and Richie Sambora. Neither of these men have said they felt like pawns and have pretty much only good things to say about their time with Cher (Sambora commenting pretty recently). Gregg Allman’s worst comment about Cher was to say she wasn’t a good singer. (Imagine!) Sonny says Cher “wears men like ornaments.” Then he goes on to admit he went out to party at the clubs after they broke up, “hitting on chicks right and left.” (I think this man has previous sentence amnesia, but we can all see his stripes, right?) Anyway, he says Cher and Bill broke up after several months and she started dating their keyboard player David Paich. Then Bernie Taupin.

This all happened around the time of her hit “Half Breed” and what Cher calls a “grueling summer tour.”

Cher talks about “pianist David Paich,” whose father Marty was their orchestra leader. (Sonny doesn’t mention this.) Cher said this only lasted during the grueling summer tour. Cher says it was during this tour that Cher, Paulette, Paich, the Porcaro bothers, Hungate and Lukather (I will now start calling them Proto-Toto) were hanging out in a playground on the  swings after which Sonny via his loyal guy Denis called each member of the band individually to threaten to break fingers and blow up cars for hanging out with Cher.  The band and even Paulette stopped talking to Cher upon threat of being fired. Only David Brenner would talk to Cher and even he was afraid, according to Cher. But Toto ostensibly could weigh in on this if they would ever admit to working for Sonny & Cher.

So Cher started singing with her back to Sonny. This was around the time of their second Live album at the Sahara in Las Vegas. Cher notes that Sonny’s comments and stories during that show were designed to make her feel guilty. But she maintains that “he was the one who caused it to end.” Cher says she always thought he would come to realize she “was the one who was always there for him, who loved him” and that she knew “he loved me, just not enough to be faithful or kind.”

Sigh. Did he come to realize that?

Sonny says their lawyers did all the real fighting and he moved on thinking about how to survive without S&C.

Cher tells her Lucille Ball story and adds she used Lucy’s lawyer, Mickey Rudin. Sonny calls Paulette “our secretary” and accuses her of spreading rumors that Cher wanted to get back together with him. Cher has Paulette telling Cher “good for you.”

Sonny talks about a “bad” trip to Paris. He doesn’t mention Cher being there but Cher says around this time she went to Paris with Sonny. They stayed at the Raphael hotel and this is where Sonny’s was taking a bath and Cher is telling him modern girls won’t put up with his bullshit anymore. Cher talks about Sonny’s M.O. of gift-buying to placate the cheating. Sonny doesn’t mention any of this.

They go to the 1973 Golden Globes together to give the award for Best Musical or Comedy Series. Cher mentions a fox coat she wore and  multicolored skirt which she says is one of her favorite looks of all time.

Cher talks about Captain Spike Nesmyth, the captured pilot who was a Sonny & Cher fan and the POW/MIA bracelets they wore. Sonny doesn’t mention this. Cher talks about Chastity’s 4th birthday party. [There’s a magazine article depicting one of those birthday parties. I’ll try to dig it up.] Cher talks about going to the 1973 Academy Awards with Sonny in the gold dress to present the award for best song, “The Morning After” from The Poseidon Adventure.

Cher tells the therapist story and Sonny’s interloping. He doesn’t tell this story. Cher admits going to Joe DeCarlo again for friendship and advice. DeCarlo tells her about Sonny’s infidelities with all the womens, including hookers, waitresses and dancers, how he would book an extra room. Women started telling Cher these stories too, saying Sonny claimed he had an open marriage with Cher.

Cher tells the Jack Benny/Johnny Carson party story where she went with Sonny and got kicked out for laughing at Lucille Ball’s irreverent political commentary. Sonny doesn’t mention this story.

Cher talks about feeling liberated and independent and adventurous, dressing how she liked, learning how to shop for food and sign checks. Poignantly she talks about not having to worry about whether she was laughing too loud. The laughing-too-loud thing. This is always a sign of an uneven relationship and I’ve witnessed it with couples within my own family and in song.

One page 214 of the paperback Sonny talks about the Mother Nature skit and the tension on the set. They both talk about this skit. They both agree Cher ad-libed telling Sonny to go fuck himself. Sonny has nobody laughing and the director suggesting they try it again and Sonny saying “not without our lawyers.”

Cher talks about the skit on page 288 (hardback). She said it was a Chiffon Margarine commercial spoof and it was a few days after leaving Sonny. “What’s the secret of life?” Sonny asks. “Go fuck yourself,” Cher responds. She says Sonny collapsed in hysterics and she did too, along with Sonny’s comment “not without our lawyers.”

She says later Sonny called her act of leaving him in Vegas her “Nagasaki moment,” words he had printed for her on a gold dog tag. In disagreement with Sonny (who feels he should get an Oscar), Cher maintains they weren’t acting affection after they separated. “You can’t fake that shit,” she says.

But in any case, they both agreed they could easily be Sonny & Cher professionally. Cher says she liked working with him but didn’t know “how to read him” anymore. They say the exact same thing about each other.

By December of 1973, she was seeing David Geffen.

David Geffen Susses Out Cher Enterprises

Sonny says Cher turned suddenly into “an ice maiden” and was testy to the whole crew, less of a team player, less approachable and kept saying things like “I have to talk to David.” Sonny thought she meant Proto-Toto’s David Paich but it was this producer fellow. The irony of all ironies is this Sonny comment: “I wrote him off as a little wimpy guy.” (First off, it’s totally wrong and second it’s almost verbatim what the mayor of Palm Springs wrote off Sonny as in the 1980s at his first running for mayor). But Sonny quickly admits now he misjudged the man who would become “the most powerful, respected, wealthy and feared man in Hollywood…one of my great misjudgments.” That must be his second biggest misjudgments after thinking he could mistreat Cher for so long and keep a golden rainbow coming out of his ass. (Too much?)

Anyway, Cher says Sonny was uneasy when he found out about Geffen being as smart and powerful as Geffen was, “much more than himself.” Cher starts hanging out A-listers now: Bob Dylan and his wife, Jack Nicholson and Anjelica Houston, Warren Beatty and his girlfriend Julie Christy, Lou Adler.

Cher says it was Sonny who began to change. At work, things had been friendly but he stopped being friendly. Not his goofy fun self on the set. (Someone from the show needs to weigh in here.)

Sonny saw Geffen as in a conspiracy to get Cher a solo CBS show (and solo record and movie deals). Cher denies this. Sonny admits Cher denies this but he believes it anyway. Cher says that Sonny & Cher’s agent pitched the idea to them once at Geffen’s house but that they asked him to leave and never spoke to him again because he was ostensibly Sonny’s friend.

But Geffen was exploring her existing contracts. David and Cher then learned about Cher Enterprises and how Cher had zero votes, rights or stake in the company and was entitled to none of their income over the last ten years. Sonny owned 95% and their lawyer owned 5%. Cher was an employee and she received the noblese oblige of Sonny plus 2 weeks vacation. She also has no way to make money outside of this enterprise without Sonny’s permission.

(Just the name of it sounds demeaning and exploitive.)

Sonny talks about contracts. He says their TV contract had 3 more years. They had just finished year 2. Cher agrees with this. She says she was was locked into the contract for 2 more years. She says she had stayed during the bad times, Sonny’s movie dramas, the tax fiasco and was heartbroken and “so mad” and “thank God I had David.”

They each represent each other as cold. And Sonny, we have seen, has a tendency to project. Not that Cher was probably the best communicator there ever was at this time.

Sonny has Cher saying he and Geffen should get into a room together and whoever wins wins. Cher has Sonny refusing to renegotiate during her attempts to talk it over and being met with Sonny’s cold eyes and his smoking cigars. She had a child to raise, her sister and her mother to worry about, she says. She couldn’t work for nothing.

By January of 1974 Sonny says he is tired of faking a marriage and that Cher was refusing to work anymore “for our corporation Cher Enterprises.” (Our.) A few pages later he says “Cher and I were employed by Cher Enterprises. Cher and I were 50/50 partners. That is not only how the corporation was set up, that is the law of community property in California.”

Then a page later Sonny contradicts himself and says, “when Cher wanted out of her contractual obligations, when she wanted to split Cher Enterprises 50/50, I said no.”

Sonny has the gall to say about himself in the third person, “Cher decided to shoot Sonny in the back.”

Anyway, his reasoning was that he had managed them all those years for nothing. Plus, he feared Cher would step into all those deals he worked so hard to make, leaving him out (just as he was leaving Cher out now). That he did all the backstage work was not an insignificant or untrue claim. Cher admits he did all the heavy lifting behind the scenes. A fair deal would have been to pay him out for what would have been a manager’s salary.

But listen to me, trying to figure a way through for Sonny & Cher.

No biographer of Cher disputes that the contract was 95/5 Sonny and his lawyer. This doesn’t seem like a situation of Cher’s word against Sonny’s. But I suppose former biographers all could have taken Cher at her word and not researched the actual contract.

But here’s the thing: Cher received no money on the corporation’s earnings after its demise, leading us to believe…she did not, in fact, have an ownership stake in it. She finally got The Big House (no small thing but she says she had to buy it from Sonny) and a portion of the publishing royalties off Sonny & Cher songs, which Sonny will soon express disgruntlement about.

Cher says, “Sonny undoubtedly was responsible for making us who we were…[but] he could never have achieved that without my voice….He made me leave.” No Cher without Sonny.  But also, she says, no Sonny without Cher.

And it does sound like Sonny brought about the disruption he insists he feared the most. Sonny says their act had contracts out for 10-15 years (at Caesar’s Palace and on MCA). And, I think, it would have been amazing to see if they could have survived very bigly into the era of MTV. I doubt they would have. But in any case, Sonny says Cher told him she refused to honor the contracts.

Cher did call Fred Silverman and ask him not to pick up the TV show for another season, later insisting to him that she would never leave to do a solo show on an another network (there had been rumors), which is kind of an implicit negotiation to do a solo show on CBS. Cher told him she couldn’t work as an employee with no salary. This was around the time of their opening number “Will You Still Love Me Tomorrow” and Cher noting that his smile did not quite reach his eyes.

Sonny says, “I was not going to be the one to end it. But Cher refused to work anymore.” (For nothing, he forgets to say.) Two paragraphs later he says, “the week of the final episode of The Sonny & Cher Comedy Hour, I filed for legal separation from Cher. I’d absorbed enough. I wanted it over.”

So much for “I wasn’t going to be the one.” Cher says he filed for divorce on 18 February but I think Sonny is right and that it was legal separation. Some editor should have looked that up as public record?

After the Friday taping, (Cher says it was in January 1974 and everyone was crying, her mom, sister and the crew, but Sonny doesn’t mention it), Sonny says they took separate jets to their final Houston Astrodome concert. Sonny says they earned $150,000 that day. He says they were the biggest, hottest act in the country at that time and they were playing what was the largest indoor venue in America.

The both agree the show was miserable, a rodeo venue that smelled like shit. Cher says it was a working rodeo with Elvis and the Jackson Five on the bill too. This is where her hair got caught in her dress’ zipper and Sonny had to cut it free with the scissors.  Sonny says Cher left the venue without a word to Sonny or their crew and he was left to say all the goodbyes and farethewells. Cher says all the people they worked with were loyal to Sonny.

Sonny says Cher filed for divorce on February 20 and claimed involuntary servitude. Sonny calls her a “characteristic victim” (says the complaining victim) Cher doesn’t dispute the divorce filing and says Sonny countersued for lost earnings and sued Geffen for interfering and asked for a temporary restraining order against him.

Cher says the news was “brutal” against her but Sonny continually complains that he was the one Cher successfully made out to be the villain. At the same time, Sonny was suing Cher for 14 million and Geffen for 13 million. Cher is just suing for divorce and contract freedom but Sonny keeps claiming for Cher it was all about the money.

The Big House, Part 2

Sonny also says Cher changed the locks on the house. But Sonny doesn’t mention that he kicked Cher out first and Cher no longer had the Malibu lease so she was homeless and moved in with David Geffen. (This was the era of Joni Mitchell being there all the time too while making Court and Spark).

Here is where Cher contradicts her own story when she says, “he never wanted that house. It was my dream house…” But back on page 268 (hardback) she says “Sonny wanted the house too.” And he did at least want to keep it from her. But by the time of his own memoir, he never liked that house. Cher was advised to return to the house and she says at that time she did change the locks and Sonny & Connie had to move into the St. Cloud house which “he made me sign over to him.”

In his diary, Sonny says “I have no good feelings left for Cher.” He finds it all confounding because “Cher is not a fighter” and he doesn’t believe Cher and Geffen are in love, that it’s a relationship of convenience and Cher has made him her pawn.” He sees Cher as, and I quote, “either a subservient Geisha girl or a killer.”

Wow.

Cher eventually sells The Big House fully furnished (a few months after Elijah’s birth) at a price “too low” and to a “carpet baron.” But she doesn’t say why she sells it.

Parenting Chas

Sonny says Chastity is confiding in him that she feels neglected because Cher has become a surrogate mom to Tatum O’Neal. Cher barely mentions Tatum O’Neal aside from one dismissive sentence. Cher says she and Sonny are civil when discussing Chas on the phone but Sonny says “Cher, in true passive-aggressive form, forced me to deal with Geffen in order to spend time with Chastity….So I wound up negotiating with Geffen over when I could and could not see my daughter.”

Cher says Chas was friendly with Geffen at first and then something changed and she took Sonny’s view of Geffen. Later,  Cher said, they both decided not to trash each other’s lovers to Chastity (if not in memoirs). Sonny said he applied for full custody, which Cher said “shattered me.” She had taken Chas to Hugh Hefner’s to play in the pool and Sonny used this as the reason. Cher says Hugh Hefner had known Chas her whole life. And it’s true, Sonny even booked Sonny & Cher on his Playboy show and had been pictured as a family at his house. So WTF Sonny.

In the end, Sonny got even less time from the judge than Cher has planned to give him. But they worked out a cordial deal between themselves.

In Chas’ three books, he has not weighed in extensively on this time period.

The Solo Shows, The Settlement & Gregg Allman

Now here is where reading Sonny’s memoir the first time I completely lost confidence in him as a reliable narrator. Sonny claims that in the summer of 1974 Cher announced The Cher Comedy Hour. No other Cher biographies mention this and neither does Cher in her memoir.

Sonny says Cher immediately went to work on a new series and it was “an instant smash,” that she was on the covers of People and Newsweek (it was Time, Cher wasn’t on the cover of Newsweek until the 1980s), and “women embraced her as a role model and everything I knew she was capable of began happening. I had no problem with Cher’s success.”

I actually believe this part. I think in some ways Sonny was Cher biggest fan and her worst friend and lover. And, as a big Cher fan (and a big Sonny & Cher fan), it makes me feel very torn about Sonny.

Sonny continues to lament that Cher cast him as the bad guy and that Cher basically “walked off with the franchise” and with it took away “his whole sense of identity.”

I believe that too.

But here’s where I lose sympathy with Sonny’s  chronology. He says his friends, manager, agent and just general people said ‘look at Cher’s successful solo show. There’s no reason why Sonny Bono cannot have a hit TV show, too.’ So in the summer of 1974 he says he presented a solo show to ABC with the pitch “if CBS was having success with the Cher variety hour…”

Sonny’s show debut was on August 14, 1974. He excerpts his diary to say “I have been knocked down more times…and now I’ll have to be judged all over again.” (No victim here.)

The big problem is that his show premiered and was canceled after 13 weeks in 1974 and Cher’s solo show didn’t even begin airing until February 1975 and this is because Sonny’s lawsuits kept Cher from working on anything new for almost the entirely of 1974. There was the Dark Lady album on MCA, her last album on that label, and some modeling work with Vogue.

So his whole long story is false. Cher’s show did not happen before his. How could he misremember that?

Of course Sonny’s solo show didn’t succeed, although it had the majority of the cast and crew of The Sonny & Cher Comedy Hour and the same formula. It was just missing that one magical thing that was maybe worth at least 50%, the star power.

Cher said it was “a copy of our show” and had rotating female guests to stand in for her. She expresses sympathy that the network put him in an impossible timeslot at ABC, on Sunday against Kojak and Disney and that she didn’t want him to fail. She says she was backstage with Chas for the first taping of the show.

Sonny says, “It didn’t work for a lot of reasons.” (Another example of Sonny knows; he wasn’t caught not knowing.) “It was the only game in town, so I played it.” (A far cry from ‘why can’t Sonny Bono have a hit TV show like the Cher show that’s only happening in my head.’)

Cher said while Sonny’s show was on the air, CBS announced her new show would air on 8 pm Sunday’s against Sonny’s show which Cher thought was cruel to them both. But his show “was cancelled before mine began.” Which is the truth. And how Sonny could have published a different story is mind-boggling since it was an easy thing for any editor or fact checker to look up in any library’s reference section. (I was doing that in the late 70s, so I know how easy that was.)

This also confirms a childhood memory that I’ve always had that I could never explain, that for a minute the public thought they might have to choose between watching a Sonny show or a Cher show.

Anyway, then Cher tells the Average White Band overdose story.  She said Sonny was furious about it. But he doesn’t mention it in his book.

Sonny laments that at the cancellation of his solo show he was “alone now” and “it was a bitch.” He says by now Cher’s show was in its second season and that the first had done well. (But it hadn’t even started yet.) Connie is gone by the end of 1974 and he’s very down about his situation, says his diary. But then he tells a story about going to David Geffen and Cher’s 1974 Christmas party where he meets Raquel Welch and they leave the party to go to a movie together. They saw The Towering Inferno and left early because they both hated it.

Let’s pause to consider Sonny’s comments about Connie. “I was trying to get Con off my back. The only thing she did well was fight.” He blames the relationship on rebounding. He admits he’s still friends with Cher, (which is why he was invited and went to her Christmas party).

He then tells about his PR man Jay Bernstein (who “was better at launching Farrah Fawcett’s career than mine”). He takes his variety show on the road with Richard Lewis because David Brenner wasn’t available. Later Tim Conway opens for him and they become friends. But the show didn’t do well. He says Cher kept bashing him in the press. He says he’s not the dictator Cher said he was but he never mentions the whole El Primo thing and his own 1960s diary entries about “keeping her in line.”

And interestingly, it’s here where Sonny brings up the big fight they had after going out to see The Dirty Dozen. This is the fight Cher mentions occurring in the 1960s. He said it was their worst and funniest fight. He says the fight was about whether Cher had a killer instinct. Sonny thought she did. Cher didn’t think so. This led to a shouting match where Sonny commanded Cher to let him out and she did and then drove off “leaving me to walk 10 miles home.” His guy Denis picked him up. That was “the extent of his irate machismo she found necessary to criticize.” Oy vey.

In Cher’s version she let him out at Dead Man’s Curve (on Sunset Boulevard) and he was upset that she liked the movie and he accused her of being “sexually frustrated.” Cher attributed the fight in hindsight to Sonny’s tendency to force a riff so he could leave and go out on a date with someone else.

Sonny contends Cher never complained (except he has spent pages telling us that she always complained, that ingrate). He blames her for not communicating her unhappiness to him, (after complaining that she was always telling him she was unhappy). He admitted he knew she hated Vegas. But still Sonny chalks it all up to Cher’s villainization and lies.

He then goes into his own victimization: his ego was shot, he felt sorry for himself. But then he meets the model Susie Coelho in Palm Springs via Jay Bernstein.

He then talks about Cher’s new “peculiar relationship” with Gregg Allman and how “nothing attracted Cher like a mean, tough and potentially dangerous rock and roller.” (Uh…well, Sonny…err…are you describing yourself here too inadvertently?)

Another funny thing is that pages back Sonny says, “Geffen was exactly the kind of man Cher was attracted to—a powerful guy who took charge of her life and made things happen. To me he was a ruthless cutthroat.”

So…yeah. That’s how Cher likes ’em: dangerous and powerful and Sonny. Yeesh.

Cher says she and David Geffen had stopped living together in January of 2025 although they were still dating when she met Gregg Allman at the Troubadour one night.

Sonny and Cher kind of do describe her relationship with Allman similarly though in its “ups and downs.”  Sonny says it was “red-hot” to “non-existent” and that’s not too far from how Cher defines it too. Sonny admits Allman is a “gifted blues man” but also a “coked-out druggie” and a “southern cracker.” He uses the same hyperbole he used about Geffen to say Allman was “one of rock’s most volatile personalities.”

Cher has always insisted Allman was very gentle and sweet. So they disagree about that. But Cher admits “I had never been with a bad boy and he had a reputation as one quintessential bad boy.”

Sonny says Allman was “bent on self-destruction” and mentions the suicide of Jenny Arness, (a topic Cher avoids in her memoir). Sonny reminds us that Cher is not a drinker and was “as antidrug as I was.” He makes fun of her use of the name  “Gregory” instead of Gregg. Sonny thinks there’s some connection between “Greggory” and Cher’s father, John Sarkisian, who Sonny claims Cher did not say goodbye to before he passed away even though her biological dad had “cleaned up by then” because she “never forgave him for deserting her in childhood.” (Cher seems pretty ambivalent about Sarkisian in her memoirs but maybe there’s some kind of psychological connection there.) Sonny says he was happy that the new relationship pushed aside his “nemesis David Geffen.” With Geffen gone, Sonny says the two of them started chatting again and Cher was always asking him for advice.

Cher agrees that she would reach out to Sonny in a crisis and he knew how to handle the press.

Cher says Sonny called her up to invite her to appear on The Tonight Show hosted by George Segal as a surprise guest and they fell into their usual banter. This appearance helped Cher’s bad press around her Gregg Allman troubles. Sonny also helped with Chastity when Cher needed to spend time with Allman in a Buffalo rehab.

“As far as I was concerned, Cher and I were equal partners.” Sonny says he still “resented she was able to go on with her career, capitalizing on our past success and continuing to make millions while I was slogging my way across dime-sized stages for gas money.” That is a great sentence but it’s also ridiculous because he had the chance to keep making money with Cher if he let her actually make money on the act. He says he was 50% responsible for her stardom.

So is he saying he should get 50% of all her earnings in perpetuity? Now he’s all 50% guy.

The divorce breakdown according to Sonny: Cher got the 54-room Big House (although Cher claims she had to buy him out for that). Sonny got the 32-room St. Cloud house, which he says he had been renting out until he needed to move back into it with Connie. Cher was allowed to void all existing Sonny & Cher contracts but in exchange had to pay Sonny $750,000 in cash or work it off performing as Sonny & Cher, a combination of which she did in 1976 and 1977. Also, “she received 50% of all publishing royalties from the songs I wrote, checks she still cashes,” Sonny says as if that’s incredible.

But to think about it, the only money Cher received from 10 years of performing as Sonny & Cher (aside from gifts Sonny gave her when they were together, houses they lived in and shopping she did with their money), was nothing. The company structure put her in debt for 750k (according to Sonny; Cher says it was higher). The only money she ever made for herself from ten years of working as Sonny & Cher was from the publishing royalty agreement in the divorce, the very same one Mary Bono tried unsuccessfully to null and void a few years ago by arguing that a divorce agreement should die with the death of the spouse. Cher ended up having to sue for unpaid royalties (so at some point she stopped cashing those checks) and it’s unclear whether that was before or after Sonny died. He had no will and his estate was divided up between Mary Bono and his four children.

Here are two articles on the Mary Bono lawsuit:

The divorce was finalized on 26 June 1974 and 4 days later she marries Gregg Allman. From Cher we find out this was because she was pregnant but Sonny doesn’t know that yet. Sonny says her marriage and filing for divorce 9 days later was a “public joke.” Sonny says she confided to him in tears that Allman was mostly upset that she worked so much and was “no fun” and “never there.” This tells us more about the situation than we see in Cher’s memoir which kind of hedges around their issues.

Interestingly both Susie Coelho and Gregg Allman get not-nearly the ink you would expect they would as the next Sspouses to follow Sonny and Cher.

Sonny said Allman and Cher would come over and use his pool, which was more private than hers and that Cher would suntan there nude, which shocked Sonny. Sonny says, “Cher had become very liberal.” But then he admits he doesn’t really know her anymore and gets more information about her from People Magazine.

Sonny says Cher’s show took a dive in the ratings. Cher agrees with this and explains what happened. In the beginning Cher was a bigger hit than the Comedy Hour, according to Cher. The premiere had 21 million viewers and the show finally beat out The Wonderful World of Disney, which CBS had been trying and failing to do. But the show also had 2 censors that the Comedy Hour didn’t have, which made work difficult. But during the summer break, CBS played Joey & Dad in her timeslot and it bombed. So when she came back, her ratings fell from 23.3 to 7 and suddenly she was competing with The Six Million Dollar Man (which Sonny did a guest appearance on.) Also, Cher admits, David Geffen had left in aggravation over her relationship with Gregg Allman and without his contacts, they couldn’t get the A-list music acts anymore. Plus doing a show solo was too much.

Reuniting as Sonny & Cher

Sonny says Cher pitched a reboot of the Sonny & Cher show and he was incredulous but that Cher and Denis talked and worked things out. Sonny seems like he did it for opportunist reasons. He said Primtetime Network TV was “the kind of exposure I needed.” He said neither of them had made it solo (except Cher had kinda made it solo and would go on to make it solo, she just hit the first bump in the road). He said their friendship was like American and Soviet spies sitting on a beach; they could kill each other but they liked each other.”

Cher agrees that she asked Sonny back and he “instantly” said yes. She said Sonny negotiated with CBS the new deal and that it allowed Cher to repay Sonny for those cancelled contracts by way of the new show plus “road gigs.” He also had to square the pregnancy situation with CBS but Cher admits that Allman was “otherwise out of my life” at that time. Later, during show opening dialogues, they would mention him from time to time (as if he was backstage). Allman was at that time upset by the show’s press and that Cher was again working with Sonny. He told her he felt “heartbroken” and “made a fool of.”

Sonny talks about the the CBS press conference which he says occurred at Television City. Cher says it was the Beverly Wilshire.(It happened on 4 December 1975).

The new show premiered on 1 February 1976. Cher said it was one of the most watched programs in TV history at that time, up there with Who Shot J.R. (I remember hearing that statistic in other bios too but unfortunately there is not much online about this fact of TV history.) Cher says she thought the show was sharper and more relevant. They lost the mother-in-law jokes. She’s right. The second show is better. She said Sonny persuaded Harold Battiste into becoming their musical director. Cher said there was a lot of discussion about what songs they should sing as divorced people.

During the second show, Sonny said they got along better and he was sympathetic about Cher’s problems with Allman. He said their ratings were in the 20s but then CBS switched their time slot, which is what led to lower ratings and cancellation of the show. “Both Cher and I wanted to continue with the show.”

Cher agrees with this and talks about the last episode with a retrospective of 1960s Sonny & Cher singing “Baby Don’t Go,” which Sonny said he we wrote for her. Cher says they were on the road when they heard CBS wasn’t renewing the show. During the tour Cher said Sonny took pictures of Elijah learning to crawl down hotel hallways (just like Chas). Cher used a lot of Sonny’s photos and footage of Chas and Elijah on her first solo tour for Take Me Home and her Vegas/Monte Carlo shows. She has always always maintained Sonny was a good father and very good to Elijah.

Sonny says the show cancellation freed them to do concerts in huge arenas but Cher hated the road and got bored and sick, depressed and “insular.” She missed Elijah and at the halfway mark called off the rest of the tour and paid Sonny cash. And that was the end of Sonny & Cher, according to Sonny. Cher agrees she cut the tour short and paid her debts from her own pocket. She says she ended up paying him 1.4 million in cash, not $750,000.

Cher says after the tour, Sonny moved to Palm Springs where he would host BBQs and Cher would go sometimes with Chas. Sonny never ate, Cher said, just tasted things. Cher says he went through girlfriends and cheated on all of them. After one breakup he came to Cher tearful and gave her an apology in her kitchen. Sonny and this woman got back together, Cher says, and married and Chas was their bridesmaid. Cher calls the woman “Sarah” which, interestingly, is the name of one of Sonny’s girlfriends on The Love Boat (it’s that Deacon Dark episode where his girlfriend is deaf and he sings a sweet song to her at the end.) But Sonny’s next wife was named Susie.

Sonny says Cher was supportive Susie in Sonny’s life and he blames her for that, too, saying that “given her track record” he shouldn’t’ have listened. He says Susie and him were with each other for the wrong reasons and he was just lonely. (I’ve read Coelho’s book; she has nothing but good things to say about Sonny in it.)

Sonny comments on Cher’s albums around that time, Cherished (“a flop”) and Allman and Woman, Two the Hard Way (failed), and he dismisses her attempt to suppress her name on the Allman album cover as “something wrong” because she “hates to share the spotlight.” (Why would she even do the duet album then?)  Those two albums were probably the nadir of Cher’s 1970s output by they are the only post-breakup Cher albums he mentions: not Half Breed or Dark Lady (both which earned #1 hits), Stars or Take Me Home (which had another top 10 hit).  We’ll see later if he has anything to say about her 1980s comeback records.

Cher says it was her idea to drop her name because she wanted people to focus on the music and not her life in the tabloids.

Sonny says they became neighbors when Cher purchased the “Moorish mansion” (the Egyptian house) on Benedict Canyon Drive. Cher and Susie were friends and Cher would again sunbathe at their pool (nude again). It was here where Sonny first saw Cher’s large butt tattoo of the butterfly. He attributed that again to Cher trying to generate shock value and create controversy so she could then tell critics to “stick it.” Which, Sonny says in a moment of honesty, was “a trick she learned from me and I learned it from Phil Spector.”

Cher talks about going on tour with Allman in Japan and Europe but after he had a relapse she left the tour to return home to do final shows with Sonny in Hawaii. There Sonny had invited Bill Hamm back to the band to “mess with me,” Cher says. But they ended up reconnecting. It was here the Sonny & Cher act ends in Cher’s story. Of her experience with Allman Cher says she has to “learn things the hard way.”

Sonny talks about Chas’ school problems and finding out she was grades behind and this triggers his feelings of neglect (and particularly his neglect of Christy). But he doesn’t yet mention the dyslexic diagnosis.

In Cher’s version of the story, the principal called her to talk about Chas’ emotional problems and bad grades. Cher was shocked because Chas was always “level headed and responsible.” A teacher took Cher aside and told her to get Chas tested for a learning disability and they discovered Chas had dyslexia. Cher then suddenly understood her own learning disability.

And that’s the end of Sonny & Cher in the 1970s in both of their memoirs. Neither of them mention the Mike Douglas Show reunion they did in 1979, but there are two more public reunions ahead: Cher at the opening of Sonny’s La Cienega Italian restaurant Bono and their iconic reunion on Late Night with David Letterman in the fall of 1987. Sonny will still be with Susie Coelho when his restaurant opens but that relationship will end and he will meet 22-year-old college student and restaurant customer Mary Whitaker there. Those two had a 26-year age difference but can you remember anybody ever talking about that? No. Because they didn’t.

I forgot how much Sonny villainizes himself, unintentionally, in his book. Cher is the “killer” and he is the perpetual victim, taking very little responsibility for what he does. But, it all kind of came to roost for him anyway, as it often does. If he had been fun to work with (and if you read Murray Langston’s testimony, maybe only Cher thought he was fun to work with) then he would have continued to work in Hollywood, despite his divorce from Cher. Cher said extensive CBS audience research showed the public liked him. I don’t think it was evident that Cher’s comments to the press were the biggest issue for Sonny and his show-business career. Two record labels requested he stop producing Cher and he didn’t go on to become a TV or movie mogul despite all those meetings. By Sonny’s own admission, Cher wasn’t involved with any of that so how could she have ruined it?

That said, Sonny did a lot of brilliant things for Sonny & Cher and he did turn a raw, anxiety-ridden teenager into a glamourous superstar with an iconic career trajectory. And that’s not chump change either.

This level of detailed Sonny & Cher obsessing was immensely pleasurable. My little 7-yeard old self can die happy now.

Stiller & Meara

I was never a big Captain and Tennille fan but I have always liked Stiller & Meara, mostly separately but also together when I could catch clips and appearances of their old act from the 1970s. They were not like Sonny & Cher and yet similar in their comedic put-downs. They were both popular around the same time; however Stiller & Meara were more narrowly perfected and cerebral and Sonny & Cher more widely vaudevillian (singers as part-time comedians).

As I watched Stiller and Meara: Nothing Is Lost I had a notebook and pen out and ready to try to capture some other similarities; but by the time the credits rolled, I had not a single mark of ink down.

The Stiller/Meara family story is one unto itself. You could see them having overlapping struggles maybe with the Bonos, both couples being parents and on the road all the time, all their children having to deal with fans interrupting family moments in public spaces, parents always hustling for the next job. But these are a very different families and the couples had unique relationships (all three of them).

I remember thinking, there’s not really much fundamental emotional overlap here.

But then the credits rolled and from the very first few bars I exclaimed, “This is a Cher song! What??”

Not only were the credits rolling over a Cher song, but it was the only solo number from the debut Sonny & Cher album, Look at Us, and so although only Cher sings it, the song is credited as Sonny & Cher. It’s Cher’s cover of the Righteous Brothers’ “Unchained Melody,” which is such a classic. Why pick the very obscure Cher version? It wasn’t a hit. It wasn’t even a single. Mr. Cher Scholar wondered if it was chosen because the Cher version sounded more convincingly and innocently in love. But it’s also kind of rough. Cher’s vocal is at times out of control.

I hear the track as having been softened for the credits, her big note not so shrill and a fix put on the blip at the end.

Undoubtedly, this a great song, but still what an obscure choice for Ben Stiller’s movie about his family. I mean the lyrics kind of match the early love letters recited in the movie between Jerry Stiller to Anne Meara and maybe the couple did feel a kinship with Sonny & Cher as another showbiz couple of the day. Or maybe Stiller and Meara simply loved Cher’s version of the song? Or maybe the kids picked it because it reminded them of their parents, either their relationship with each other or the need the kids felt for more attention from their parents. There are a lot of ways to read this.

But wow. I was gobsmaked.

Beyond that, the movie did resolve for me what kept Stiller and Meara together in a marriage so long (until her death) and how this differed from Sonny & Cher and Captain & Tennille. The very obvious difference being that both Sonny and Cher and Toni Tennile and Daryl Dragon were in lopsided emotional relationships which faltered because one half (in each case the husband) wasn’t fully invested in it the marriage.

Jerry Stiller is another character entirely. He seems to have had much more self awareness, to me, than the other two men. For example, Meara had solo goals. She wasn’t as invested in their act as a couple. But what saved them was that they both had better communication skills. Just communication period, you could say, which is what the other couples struggled with. And both Stiller and Meara were committed enough to the marriage to go through years of couples therapy and one-on-one therapy to keep the relationship working. I can’t see Sonny or Daryl Dragon doing this.

One of my favorite parts of the documentary was at the end. Jerry Stiller is being interviewed for what seems like one of the last times. He’s in a chair and kind of feeble and he says, “I met Anne Meara. That was a big thing. She was the most unbelievable person in the world, Anne Meara. I never met anybody like her in my life.” The way he says it, too, that it’s still incredible to him.

Anne Meara really shines in the documentary, not only by her natural comedic timing but just her force of personality. She isn’t a typical Hollywood star. That Jerry Stiller could appreciate how unique she was, especially in a world where social pressure often discourages men from even acknowledging the value in that let alone choosing to love it, was very, very moving. It marks Jerry Stiller as extraordinary, too. And it looks like he was sure about the value of Anne Meara until the day he died.

 

Cher’s versions of “Unchained Melody”

Authoritarianism In Popular Music

First of all, I’m in the process of re-reading a kind of diary notebook I shared with a friend in high school. In the 1980s, we did this all the time. That way we could look like we were doing homework in class but we were really goofing off writing letters to our friends. Passing notes was too dangerous. Between classes, you could easily trade notebooks. We were about 14 years old, living in St. Louis, reading “The Jungle” in history class (probably a banned book now because it’s anti-capitalist).

My friend and I are re-reading the notebook together and the process has been both painful and funny. And timely because I’ve been wondering lately if I’ve been exaggerating my childhood interest in Sonny & Cher and Paul Sand. This notebook disabuses me of that doubt, however. At one point my friend gets exacerbated with my Sonny & Cher obsession and later I tell her to be sure to catch Paul Sand on St. Elsewhere.

What a nerd! But we are talking quite often about music and co-existing with divergent musical tastes. (I have no record of what kinds of music conversations I was having at 14 with my other friends.)

And here we come back to cultural authority. Because I know what’s coming up in the notebook. We are about to get into an argument about Bob Dylan. I won’t go into any particulars about that or the rest of the notebook but all to say this was in my head this morning (and how our identities were forming around music) while I started reading the book No Respect, Intellectuals and Popular Culture (1989) by Andrew Ross.

Ross talks about pop culture as a tug between “distrust and hostility” on one end and “deference and respect” on the other, a very binary, polarizing arrangement. This has always been challenging for me because I just can’t see the world as black and white and binary. (I am convinced no one can, but it’s simply a very popular coping mechanism.)

Anyway, Ross says, “The struggle to win popular respect and consent for authority is endlessly being waged and most of it takes place in the realm of what we recognize as popular culture” which includes defining “what is legitimate…the patrol over shifting borders of popular and legitimate taste, who supervises the passports, the temporary visas, the cultural identities, the threatening ‘alien’ elements and the deportation orders and who occasionally makes their own adventurist forays across the border.” (I forgot how much Ross is my favorite cultural writer.)

How timely a metaphor this is for us today in the days of I.C.E. And you can also see how debates about ‘alien’ tools and styles play out these days, music that is different or threatening, technology often seen as the new target but is actually a very old foe. I’ve just watched hours of footage of Daryl Dragon in 1977 sitting atop his mountain of keyboards (and a xylophone) on The Captain & Tennille Show. As a great example just take a listen to the music of muskrat sex for a minute. You will either feel that this is sweet or a sign of the apocalypse.  Those aren’t authentic muskrats, for one…and then, just imagine for another minute those same muskrats getting ahold of autotune.

(I for one believe a chipmunk album or two could have been improved with autotune.)

Ross talks about elitism, anti-intellectualism, vanguardism, populism, paternalism and delinquency.  And to me there seems to be a strangely symbiotic relationship between paternalism and delinquency. I find people’s attitudes around authority change depending upon where they sit in the scenario: as the being-told-to or the teller-over-others. It’s that flip-flop paradox that always seems to happen around extreme positions.

Ross says the use of “categories of taste,” (like hip, camp, bad, sick and fun), serve as “opportunities for intellectuals to sample the emotional charge of popular culture while guaranteeing their immunity from its power to constitute social identities that are in some way marked as subordinate.”

That triggering feeling of subordinance.

People have choices when put up against the taste-authoritarians: they either can go along and become super-followers or they can trespass on that authority. Camp is one way to trespass. Ignoring the authority altogether is another. I like both of those strategies.

You can see, in the case of autotune, how copious amounts of criticism from one group (aging rock music snobs, even Spinal Tap had to weigh in recently) never serves to discourage the other group (young rap and dance-music snobs) from wanting to define their own identities within music. In fact I would argue criticism of autotune has actually only accelerated its use, as any kind of criticism from an old authority to an unempowered group will. It’s like their food and fuel. And all because of those structures of authoritarianism. Because young people aren’t going to be told what to do by the likes of…

Well…it’s now become a struggle of identities what could have been perceived as simply one tool in the toolbox. It has become the specific thorn that defines the big cultural struggle between competing groups over cultural authority.

When you step out of the matrix and look at it from a distance you can see that it’s the stupidest f**king argument you’ve ever heard in the history of anything. But on it goes.

Another thing Ross talks about is how authority works with identity and personality, who sings what and from what gender. His example is the most perfect example: Aretha Franklin wresting away Otis Redding’s song about “conjugal rights” and turning it into a feminist anthem. Well-played challenge to patriarchal authority, Aretha Franklin.

Respect! and no respect, and “respect my authority!”

And all this just in Andrew Ross’ introduction! 

Things Are Percolating

Things are a bit crazy-making this fall. When I’m overwhelmed with projects, I tend to want to make lists, in this case all the things percolating at Cher Scholar. Everything’s coming along…if only in baby steps.

The Autobiographies

Soon I’ll finish out the 1970s with the two memoirs (Sonny’s and Cher’s). Then I’d like to go back to the food bios found in Forever Fit and Cooking for Cher. And then go back to the childhood, 1960s and 70s stories Cher gave us in The First Time. Rabbit Hole 1.

Food

I’ve been making a few more recipes from the Cher cookbooks:

Rabbit Hole 2. But I’m not going to make every recipe in the Cher cookbooks. I would like to finish out the pescatarian recipes in Cooking for Cher, like the Fiery Pepper Shrimp Fried Rice and the Shrimp Borracho recipes. In that cookbook, there’s also Georgia’s cornbread stuffing I’ll try this Thanksgiving. And I have one more spaghetti sauce recipe to try in Forever Fit.

Dolls

I don’t have much more to add to the Cher doll fashions breakdown (Rabbit Hole 3) except to say that it occurred to me this week that my fleet of Cher dolls have nicer clothes than I do.

Conceptualizing Cher

Rabbit Hole 4: Soon I’ll do a review of Anne Zaleski’s 2025 Cher book. I liked how she categorized Cher stuff. I’ll be organizing my own media studies notes for a long while for my own project. I’ve moved on from books about videos to fan theory to books on movies to camp and now I’m moving on to the books on pop-culture slumming (high vs. lowbrow) and then maybe I’ll organize the music or television stacks next. I like to do small category stacks first (low hanging fruit).

Along this vein, I’ve been watching Captain & Tennille variety shows on DVD, which is both illuminating (variety shows aren’t easy) and disturbing (that Daryl Dragon guy) and this has led to me purchasing Toni Tennille’s memoir from Thriftbooks to find out what was going on with that very un-Sonny & Cher-like musical couple.

And then Ben Stiller’s documentary on his parents Jerry Stiller and Ann Meara is coming out on AppleTV at the end of this month. This will be another fascinating look at the married showbiz couple.

If I had to put these three couples on a continuum concerning how best to navigate a backstage relationship within a married-couple showbiz act, it would be Captain & Tennille on one end and Stiller and Meara on the other, with Sonny & Cher somewhere in between.

Bad Faith A.I.

This is not a blog post I enjoy writing. I hate to criticize Cher fans or fans of anything actually. It seems so unfriendly. And we’re all in the same rickety boat here. But sometimes you have to talk about hard things.

I notice a fission forming between older fans and younger fans. And it’s going to be an issue with all fan bases before long, from Phyllis Diller fans to Madonna fans to Metallica fans.

Photos like the one below have been appearing on social Cher fan accounts over the last year or so:

It was attributed to Richard Avedon. But it’s a fake. It’s mimicking a series of photos Avedon took that ended up in Vogue and as the cover of Cher’s 1974 album Dark Lady.

Some A.I. Cher photos are so ridiculously not real, they’re almost funny. But these that replicate actual photo sessions are more concerning fakes because they confuse a fan’s idea of a real photograph Cher actually had taken and a deep fake.

Now if you are an older fan, one who has been staring at photos of Cher your whole life or maybe you are an expert in the outtakes of this particular photo session, seeing a photo like this will trigger cognitive dissonance. Is this really a lost outtake? What’s off with her arms there? Is that her real mouth? You can pick up on things that look “off” if you have more experience looking at Cher’s 1970s photos before this A.I. mess.

For this single photo I went to one of the Cher experts I know, Cher scholar Bruce who has seen the original contact sheet from this session. He agreed that the arms do not look like Cher arms here and the mouth is not a Cher mouth. He also said that Cher did two sessions with this dress. One was with a black cat with her hair pulled back and the other was with a black and white cat with her hair long and free. So the mashup of the black cat and the hair down is off as well.

This is an observable fake, but before long, A.I. will get better and smarter and come up with fakes where the arms and mouth do look like Cher’s and then only entertainment archaeologists or those who were there, people who “lived through it” will know the difference. And then eventually those people too will be gone and it will be a photo free-for-all.

I’ve seen fans point out A.I. fakes on social media and the publishers of those fakes responding with irritation. It’s not that they seem bothered by being fooled, but by being told they were fooled. There’s a “who cares” attitude among some younger fans. And I’ve seen older fans who’ve simply given up trying to keep the record straight. Already. And we’re only a year into this shit.

I think inexperienced fans get upset for two reasons:

First, people are not using their critical thinking skillz. (Look around you!) Social media and technology have eroded our thinking skills and then some of us are just lazy as a default-setting.

Secondly, people have stopped trusting expertise. There are two reasons for this. One, we all want to be the expert and are offended by the idea we’re not. Two, fascists want to lie so they throw shade on expertise (all the way back to saying “your grade school teacher was lying to you!”).

I can’t help but be reminded of Holocaust survivors here. Yes, I’m gonna take this back to the Holocaust. Everyone clutch their pearls.

There are already bad actors out there gaslighting survivors of all sorts of things, but particularly antisemitic, bad actors trafficking the idea that the Holocaust never happened. And as soon as all the Holocaust survivors pass away, these same bad actors will feel even more emboldened and they will gain traction with those who don’t know the difference between lies and the truth. They will more easily convince people it was just a story. And there will be no witnesses left.

In this situation, people in the future will not know who or what to trust and those people with lazy as a default-setting will trust any “strong man” who comes along. Fascism will gain even more traction to perpetuate even more atrocities. We’re actually living through it right now.

Deep fakes, even if they’re just photos of celebrities, encourage lies, especially in an environment of “who cares.”

Somebody either created this image for fun and it’s now fallen out of context or it was created in bad faith. Look around you! We’re already shooting each other in the streets over what is a lie and what is the truth.

And we’re all in trouble if you don’t care about the difference between lies and the truth…for all things great and small.

Here are some of the real things. The album cover (look at that mouth!):

One of the poster designs:

From Vogue:

Bruce also mentioned showing respect for the original artists “who put so much energy into creating an image” including the photographer, the make-up artist, the fashion designer and Cher herself. “A.I. takes away in one swift motion all that was put into it.”

This being one of the most iconic Cher images, it’s not hard to see why fans would want to toy around with it. But there are larger ramifications to doing so and then trying to pass it off as the real thing…just for fun.

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